Facile synthesis of spin-coated poly (4-nitroaniline) thin film: Structural and optical properties

Abed‐Elmageed, Amro A. I.; Zoromba, M. Sh.; Hassanien, Reda; El-Shazly, A.H.

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2020.110378

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…On the contrary, increasing acidity of the solution enhances aniline solubility in aqueous solution, which provides conjugation of the emeraldine, and forms an electroactive film. 22,24,26 Therefore, the pH dependence of polyaniline considerably restricts its usage in neutral and alkaline media, as shown by Cui et al 32 Various approaches have been developed recently, such as the deposition of polyaniline with inorganic compounds, 33,34 carbon nanotubes, 35,36 metals 37,38 and other monomers 39 in aqueous or non-aqueous media 40 to overcome the pH dependence problem. Among these techniques, deposition of polyaniline in the presence of other monomers (copolymerisation) is one of the simplest and most cost-effective processes for obtaining copolymer films with enhanced ion-exchange and electroactivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Defluoridation of Water through Reusable poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) Copolymer Modified Electrode Using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Unal

Hillman

Ryder

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Although the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a limit of 1.5 mg l−1 fluoride ions in drinking water, this is not satisfied in many parts of the world. When this limit is exceeded, the electrochemically switched ion-exchange (ESIX) technique (mainly based on conductive polymers) has been identified as a promising method for removing the excess fluoride ions. The present study aimed to develop an efficient method based on the ESIX technique by using poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) copolymer to extract fluoride ions. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and acoustic admittance data were utilized to assay the synthetic efficiency of copolymer deposition, and to evaluate the dependence of the defluoridation process on the proportions of the monomers in the copolymer matrix and on film thickness. The resulting films were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SEM) techniques. For optimized co-monomer ratio in the feedstock, poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) at an applied potential of 0.30 V showed excellent performance for fluoride removal from water at pH 6.6, to the extent of 20 (mg F−) (g polymer)−1. Comparison of the performance of ESIX using poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) with that of other techniques and materials reveal that it has significant potential for water defluoridation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Defluoridation of Water through Reusable poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) Copolymer Modified Electrode Using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Unal

Hillman

Ryder

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…It was discovered that the order of colors is red, brown, and blue. 49,50 The blue color symbolizes the greatest electrical attraction, whereas the red color represents the best electronic repulsion. 51,52 The solitary pair of electronegative atoms is oriented in the same direction as that in the negative regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MEP graph depicts possible zones of positive potential with negative potential for hydrogen atoms. It was discovered that the order of colors is red, brown, and blue. , The blue color symbolizes the greatest electrical attraction, whereas the red color represents the best electronic repulsion. , The solitary pair of electronegative atoms is oriented in the same direction as that in the negative regions. The chloride, nitrogen, and oxygen molecules showed up in high concentrations on the MEP maps of the examined compounds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Toxic Basic Fuchsin Dye from Liquids by Antibiotic Azithromycin Using Adsorption, TD-DFT Calculations, Kinetic, and Equilibrium Studies

Mohamed

Hassan

Ahmed

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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This work aims to study the removal of new fuchsin dye (NFD) using azithromycin (Az) by a spectrophotometric technique at two different wavelengths (547 and 286 nm), which formed the blend [Az+NFD]. Afterward, the [Az]TF, [NFD]TF, and nanoblend [Az+NFD]NB thin films were fabricated using the spin-coating technique. The models of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were applied to examine the experimental data of adsorption equilibrium and activation parameters. At 547 and 286 nm, the sorption capacity (q m) was determined to be 0.0095 and 0.01 mg g–1, correspondingly. The kinetic data showed that the reaction was fitted with a first-order reaction and the maximum adsorption capacity of Az at 547 nm was 0.0198 mg g–1 at 313 and 323 K, whereas at 286 nm, it was 0.0071 mg g–1 at 303 K. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG°) were calculated, and the experimental results showing negative values of ΔH° at 547 and 286 nm (−33.67 and −11.22 kJ mol–1, respectively) indicate the adsorption of NFD using Az is an exothermic reaction. The negative values of ΔG° at 547 and 286 nm (−19.67 and −13.01 kJ mol–1, respectively) indicate a spontaneous reaction. The calculated time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) spectra matched the measured IR spectra precisely and corroborated the molecular structure of the tested materials. The experimental values and TD-DFT/CASTEP predictions for these properties are in great agreement. The optical (TD-DFT/CASTEP) characteristics of the [Az]Iso, [NFD]Iso, and [Az+NFD]NB gaseous phases are in close agreement with the experimental results. The greatest absorption bands for [Az]TF, [NFD]TF, and [Az+NFD]NB correspond to the π → π* electronic transition at 268, 547, and 625 nm, respectively, and the Gaussian program corresponds well with the experimental analysis for synthetic IR and molecular electrostatic potential. Optical illumination studies suggest that the nanoblend device films investigated may be employed in solar cell applications. The quantity of dye removed by Az decreases with an increase in the contact time and optimum adsorption was achieved in 4 min at 547 nm, whereas it increases with time at 286 nm and an optimum adsorption capacity was achieved in 6 min. The isolated molecule of [Az+NFD]Iso has a band gap of 2.415 eV, as determined by TD-DFT/DMol3. Thin films of thickness 100 ± 3 nm of [Az]TF, [NFD]TF, and [Az+NFD]NB via a spin-coating technique at room temperature were fabricated.

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“…It reacts with nitrite ion in a hydrochloric acid medium to form 4-nitrophenyldiazonium chloride, which couples with naphth-1-ol in an alkaline medium to give a purple azo dye. (Figure 2) Photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitroaniline in the presence of TiO 2 suspensions in a batch and continuous annular reactor has been studied (Abed-Elmageed et al, 2020;Ayoub et al, 2021;Baveja et al, 1981;Marchewka et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2012). Sulfanilamide is an organic sulfur compound similar to p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) with antibacterial properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric analysis of empagliflozin tablets as SGLT2 inhibitors in pharmaceutical samples

Dayyih¹,

Hailat²,

Hujran³

et al. 2022

j app pharm sci

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Azo dyes account for 70% of dye chemistry, and their importance may grow in the future. Empagliflozin is a sodiumglucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. SGLT2 transporters are primarily responsible for glucose reabsorption in the kidney. In 2014, empagliflozin was approved for medical use in the United States and the European Union. With over 4 million prescriptions in 2019, it was the 146th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States in 2019. The spectrophotometric determination of empagliflozin is described using coupling agents such as 3-chloro-4nitroaniline or sulfanilamide. These methods are straightforward and are based on the reaction of empagliflozin with diazotized products of 3-chloro-4-nitroaniline or sulfanilamide to produce colored azo dyes with absorption maxima at 470 and 480 nm. Empagliflozin was linear from 1.2 to 26.6 µgml −1 or 0.8 to 20.4 µgml −1 when combined with diazotized 3-chloro-4-nitroaniline or sulfanilamide, respectively. Empagliflozin's molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity to 3-chloro-4-nitroaniline or sulfanilamide azo dyes were 3.179 × 10 4 l mol −1 cm −1 or 4.367 × 10 4 l mol −1 cm −1 and 1.149 × 10 −2 µgcm −2 or 8.368 × 10 −3 µgcm −2 , respectively. The formed colored azo dyes are stable for more than 12 hours. The optimal reaction conditions and other analytical parameters are assessed. Foreign organic compound interference has been studied. The method has been successfully used to determine empagliflozin in pharmaceutical samples.

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Facile synthesis of spin-coated poly (4-nitroaniline) thin film: Structural and optical properties

Cited by 35 publications

References 54 publications

Highly Efficient Defluoridation of Water through Reusable poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) Copolymer Modified Electrode Using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Highly Efficient Defluoridation of Water through Reusable poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) Copolymer Modified Electrode Using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Removal of Toxic Basic Fuchsin Dye from Liquids by Antibiotic Azithromycin Using Adsorption, TD-DFT Calculations, Kinetic, and Equilibrium Studies

Spectrophotometric analysis of empagliflozin tablets as SGLT2 inhibitors in pharmaceutical samples

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