Facile Synthesis of Porous‐Carbon Nanoarchitectures as Advanced and Durable Electrodes for Supercapacitors

Abstract

Carbon nanomaterials with remarkable capacitance are highly notable. Although electronic double‐layer capacitors exhibit high power density, their low energy density blocks the practical utility of these carbon materials. Herein, a type of porous‐carbon nanoarchitecture with significant capacitive performance is successfully synthesized using a ZnO template and KOH activation. Benefiting from its excellent conductivity, ultrahigh surface area, and porous architecture, the as‐prepared porous carbon delivers a high capacitance of 245.4 mF cm−2 at a current density of 2 mA cm−2 with impressive rate performance. Moreover, it shows superior cycling durability with more than 99% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles. A cost‐effective, eco‐friendly, and promising strategy is proposed for the large‐scale preparation of porous‐carbon nanomaterial electrodes.

Upgrading Polyvinyl Chloride by ZnO-Assisted Solvothermal Dehalogenation

“…This is consistent with the tightly curled turbulent layer structure and the pore structure enclosed by lamellar carbon layers observed in Figure . The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area (SSA) and the pore size of the ZPCs (Table S4) increased significantly with adding amount of ZnO . There results demonstrate that the introduction of ZnO can induce the development of pore structure conducive to electrolyte penetration and the formation of defective structures in ZPCs, leading to abundant electrically active sites, significantly enhanced storage capacity and promoting ion transportation …”

“…The Brunauer− Emmett−Teller (BET) specific surface area (SSA) and the pore size of the ZPCs (Table S4) increased significantly with adding amount of ZnO. 23 There results demonstrate that the introduction of ZnO can induce the development of pore structure conducive to electrolyte penetration and the formation of defective structures in ZPCs, 24 leading to abundant electrically active sites, significantly enhanced storage capacity and promoting ion transportation. 25 The electrical conductivity of ZPCs was measured by adding an amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone as a binder, pressing the samples into tables, and testing the resistance of tables via Ohmmeter measurement.…”

Dehydration of Cations Inducing Fast Ion Transfer and High Electrical Capacitance Performance on Graphene Electrode in Aqueous Electrolytes

“…Effective energy storage in electrical double-layer capacitors is achieved through ion transfer at the electrode without any chemical reactions. Nanoporous materials have been extensively used as electrodes in electrochemical capacitors. − Highly conductive aqueous electrolytes are attractive for use in storage devices owing to their rapid charge–discharge ability, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness . To evaluate the performance of electrical double-layer capacitors, both the power density and energy density are evaluated as well as its capacitance.…”

Mesophase Pitch-Derived Carbons with High Electronic and Ionic Conductivity Levels for Electric Double-Layer Capacitors

“…When the derived mesophase pitch was subjected to KOH etching, it was transformed into an AC framework that had a high graphitic content for electron conduction as well as suitable proportions of mesopores and micropores for ion transport and storage. Compared to template-synthesized − or graphene-based , porous carbons that also contained nanostructured mesopores and micropores, our pitch-derived AC presents promising readiness in industry-scale production. The developed AC electrodes were used to assemble a symmetric EDLC in which 1 M N , N -diethyl- N -methylethanaminium tetrafluoroborate (TEMABF 4 ) in propylene carbonate (PC) solvent was the electrolyte solution.…”