“…For example, activated carbon, − carbon nanotubes, , graphene, , and their derivatives are usually used in electric double-layer supercapacitors (i.e., EDLCs). Metal oxides (manganese oxide and nickel oxide), , metal phosphoric acid, , metal nitrides, , metal sulfides, , and conducting polymers , are used in pesudocapacitors. Compared with EDLC-based capacitors, fast and reversible surface reactions in pseudocapacitors can provide higher specific capacitance (i.e., SC) for charge storage.…”