Abstract:A facile synthetic method for magnetochromatic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (FNPs) with controllable size and optical properties has been fabricated by the combination of an improved solvothermal method and the usage of ultrasonic irradiation in the surface modification step. The improved solvothermal method enables the alteration of the size of nanoparticles (50nm to 180nm) in a competitively convenient way by adjusting the ratio of binary solvents, including diethylene glycol (DEG) and ethylene glycol (EG). In the su… Show more
“…The diffraction peaks obtained at 30.1°, 35.4°, 43°, 53.4°, 56.9°, 62.5° meet the diffractions values of [220], [311], [400], [422], [511] and [440] planes of Fe 3 O 4 crystals respectively. The obtained XRD patterns matched the literature value for magnetite peaks 35 , 36 . Figure 7 ( A ) XRD analysis data of 20 nm iron oxide nanoparticles.…”
Section: Methodssupporting
confidence: 84%
“…The crystal structure and the size of the synthesized Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were analyzed by the Rigaku Smart-Lab X-ray diffraction (XRD) system in Fig. 7a 35,36 .…”
Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Nanoparticles Gold Nanopamentioning
The high demand in effective and minimally invasive cancer treatments, namely thermal ablation, leads to the demand for real-time multi-dimensional thermometry to evaluate the treatment effectiveness, which can be also assisted by the use of nanoparticles. We report the results of 20-nm gold and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-assisted laser ablation on a porcine liver phantom. The experimental setup consisting of high-scattering nanoparticle-doped fibers was operated by means of a scattering-level multiplexing arrangement and interrogated via optical backscattered reflectometry, together with a solid-state laser diode operating at 980 nm. The multiplexed 2-dimensional fiber arrangement based on nanoparticle-doped fibers allowed an accurate superficial thermal map detected in real-time. Laser ablation (LA) is a minimally invasive and alternative thermal therapy technique to the surgical resection for the treatment of cancer that aimed to destroy the tumor at high temperatures. Laser ablation works on the principle of conversion of absorbed laser light into heat in tissue leading to coagulative necrosis. The laser light inside the tumor is distributed according to the phenomena of scattering, absorption, and bending. The rate of absorption mainly depends on the water and hemoglobin load 1. The widely employed laser types for LA are Neodymium: Yttrium aluminum garnet operating at a wavelength of 1,064 nm and solid-state diode working at a wavelength of 800-980 nm due to the best light penetration ability at near-infrared region 2. However, currently, laser diodes gaining more interest and replacing the Nd: YAG laser because they are cheaper, easier to transport due to the lightweight and shows the similar tissue penetration performance at the wavelengths between 800 and 980 nm 3. In the last 4 decades, many studies have investigated the efficacy of LA for the treatment of cancer, demonstrated its advances, and evaluated the settings responsible for the therapy outcome. Indeed, the size of the heated area significantly depends on the laser power, laser wavelength, absorption features, optical properties of the biological tissue, and time of laser irradiation 4,5. In the clinical practice, laser light is delivered in different modalities depending on the location of the tumor and the desired thermal effect: deep-seated tumors in the liver 6,7 , pancreas 8,9 , brain 10 and other organs can be reached by thin optical applicators; superficial tumors like nonmelanoma skin cancer 11,12 , superficial bladder carcinoma 13 can be treated with external and non-invasive approaches. The pioneering work of laser application in tumor treatment was done by Bown in 1983 4. LA is mostly known as interstitial laser thermotherapy, where the light delivered by means of delivery fiber into the tumor, usually a large core fiber or a side-firing fiber ranging in diameter from 0.5 to 2.5 mm 14-16. The laser light is further converted into the thermal energy leading to the tumor damage. Nowadays, the reliable method of real-time
“…The diffraction peaks obtained at 30.1°, 35.4°, 43°, 53.4°, 56.9°, 62.5° meet the diffractions values of [220], [311], [400], [422], [511] and [440] planes of Fe 3 O 4 crystals respectively. The obtained XRD patterns matched the literature value for magnetite peaks 35 , 36 . Figure 7 ( A ) XRD analysis data of 20 nm iron oxide nanoparticles.…”
Section: Methodssupporting
confidence: 84%
“…The crystal structure and the size of the synthesized Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were analyzed by the Rigaku Smart-Lab X-ray diffraction (XRD) system in Fig. 7a 35,36 .…”
Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Nanoparticles Gold Nanopamentioning
The high demand in effective and minimally invasive cancer treatments, namely thermal ablation, leads to the demand for real-time multi-dimensional thermometry to evaluate the treatment effectiveness, which can be also assisted by the use of nanoparticles. We report the results of 20-nm gold and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-assisted laser ablation on a porcine liver phantom. The experimental setup consisting of high-scattering nanoparticle-doped fibers was operated by means of a scattering-level multiplexing arrangement and interrogated via optical backscattered reflectometry, together with a solid-state laser diode operating at 980 nm. The multiplexed 2-dimensional fiber arrangement based on nanoparticle-doped fibers allowed an accurate superficial thermal map detected in real-time. Laser ablation (LA) is a minimally invasive and alternative thermal therapy technique to the surgical resection for the treatment of cancer that aimed to destroy the tumor at high temperatures. Laser ablation works on the principle of conversion of absorbed laser light into heat in tissue leading to coagulative necrosis. The laser light inside the tumor is distributed according to the phenomena of scattering, absorption, and bending. The rate of absorption mainly depends on the water and hemoglobin load 1. The widely employed laser types for LA are Neodymium: Yttrium aluminum garnet operating at a wavelength of 1,064 nm and solid-state diode working at a wavelength of 800-980 nm due to the best light penetration ability at near-infrared region 2. However, currently, laser diodes gaining more interest and replacing the Nd: YAG laser because they are cheaper, easier to transport due to the lightweight and shows the similar tissue penetration performance at the wavelengths between 800 and 980 nm 3. In the last 4 decades, many studies have investigated the efficacy of LA for the treatment of cancer, demonstrated its advances, and evaluated the settings responsible for the therapy outcome. Indeed, the size of the heated area significantly depends on the laser power, laser wavelength, absorption features, optical properties of the biological tissue, and time of laser irradiation 4,5. In the clinical practice, laser light is delivered in different modalities depending on the location of the tumor and the desired thermal effect: deep-seated tumors in the liver 6,7 , pancreas 8,9 , brain 10 and other organs can be reached by thin optical applicators; superficial tumors like nonmelanoma skin cancer 11,12 , superficial bladder carcinoma 13 can be treated with external and non-invasive approaches. The pioneering work of laser application in tumor treatment was done by Bown in 1983 4. LA is mostly known as interstitial laser thermotherapy, where the light delivered by means of delivery fiber into the tumor, usually a large core fiber or a side-firing fiber ranging in diameter from 0.5 to 2.5 mm 14-16. The laser light is further converted into the thermal energy leading to the tumor damage. Nowadays, the reliable method of real-time
“…The XRD pattern of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles is shown in the Figure 2 . The peaks at 2θ values of 30.1°, 35.4°, 43.1°, 53.4°, 56.9° and 62.5° are indexed as the diffractions of (220), (311), (222), (422), (511) and (440) respectively, which resembles the standard diffraction spectrum of Fe 3 O 4 (JCPDSPDF#19-0629) with respect to its reflection peaks positions [ 5 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 2001, Asher reported co-precipitation method using oleic acid as the surface modification agent to obtain Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (2–15 nm) [ 2 ]. NaOH and diethylene glycol could also be used as the catalyst and reducing agent to fabricate Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles of 80–180 nm in size [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. However, Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles could easily aggregate due to the nanoscale effect and magnetic gravitational effect.…”
Magnetite (Fe3O4) is a ferromagnetic iron oxide of both Fe(II) and Fe(III), prepared by FeCl2 and FeCl3. XRD was used for the confirmation of Fe3O4. Via the modification of Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), (3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS), and Alginate (AA), Fe3O4@SiO2, Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2, and Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-AA nanoparticles could be obtained, and IR and SEM were used for the characterizations. Alkaloid adsorption experiments exhibited that, as for Palmatine and Berberine, the most adsorption could be obtained at pH 8 when the adsorption time was 6 min. The adsorption percentage of Palmatine was 22.2%, and the adsorption percentage of Berberine was 23.6% at pH 8. Considering the effect of adsorption time on liquid phase system, the adsorption conditions of 8 min has been chosen when pH 7 was used. The adsorption percentage of Palmatine was 8.67%, and the adsorption percentage of Berberine was 7.25%. Considering the above conditions, pH 8 and the adsorption time of 8min could be chosen for further uses.
“…The magnetic nanoparticles in solvent are then undergone a phase-transferred process with poly(acrylic) acid (PAA) ligand followed by surface functionalization with COOH group in order to form stable and homogeneous dispersion in water as ferrofluid. [43][44][45] This approach to fabricate Fe 3 O 4 particles is considered to be environmental friendly and facile to scale up. The characterizations of the prepared materials such as morphology, crystallinity, magnetic properties as well as biological durability of magnetic fluid are invesitigated in detail.…”
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as one of the most promising techniques, which employs nanoscience and imaging technology, for early diagnosis of the cancers. In this work, magnetic nanoparticles of Fe 3 O 4 @ poly(acrylic) acid (PAA) were synthesized using a low cost thermal decomposition method from iron ions precursor and utilized as a signal agent for MRI imaging. The Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles obtained from FeCl 2 .4H 2 O precursor at the reaction temperature of 315°C in 1-octadcene solvent are of spherical shape with average diameter of 8.4 nm and high saturation magnetization (M s) of 60.05 emu/g. After phase transferred with PAA, the magnetic Fe 3 O 4 @PAA fluid is highly stable in a wide range of pHs solution (5-9) and wide range of NaCl concentrations (50-300 mM) with zeta potential of À 35.7 mV. The prepared Fe 3 O 4 @PAA fluid showed noncytotoxicity to the Hep-G2, MCF-7, RD cancer cell line and Vero healthy cell line. MRI in-vitro results showed that transverse relaxation rate r 2 was around 158.4 mM À 1 s À 1 and the signal intensity was not affected by the pHs solution and NaCl concentrations. In-vivo test on rabbit revealed the clear observation of rabbit's body parts after injection of the Fe 3 O 4 @PAA magnetic fluid with retention time of 90 minutes in the body.
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