Facile preparation of multifunctional carbon nanotube/magnetite/polyaniline nanocomposite offering a strong option for efficient solid‐phase microextraction coupled with GC–MS for the analysis of phenolic compounds

Abstract

The aim of this study was to synthesize a highly efficient organic-inorganic nanocomposite. In this research, the carbon nanotube/magnetite/polyaniline nanocomposite was successfully prepared through a facile route. Monodisperse magnetite nanospheres were prepared through the coprecipitation route, and polyaniline nanolayer as a modified shell with a high surface area was synthesized by an in situ growth route and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The prepared nanocomposite was immobilized on a stainless-steel wire for the fabrication of the solid-phase microextraction fiber. The combination of headspace solid-phase microextraction using carbon nanotube/magnetite/polyaniline nanocomposite fiber with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry can achieve a low limit of detection and can be applied to determine phenolic compounds in water samples. The effects of the extraction and desorption parameters including extraction temperature and time, ionic strength, stirring rate, pH, and desorption temperature and time have been studied. Under the optimum conditions, the dynamic linear range was 0.01-500 ng/mL and the limits of detection of phenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were the lowest (0.008 ng/mL) for three times. The coefficient of determination of all calibration curves was more than 0.990.

Durable molybdenum oxide coated solid‐phase microextraction fiber for highly selective and efficient extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water

“…Recently, many types of SPME fiber coatings have been developed, such as polymer , carbon , and inorganic materials as well as nanomaterials . The poor thermal and chemical stability of organic materials are not conducive to the direct or indirect SPME injection technology because of their short service life.…”

Sensing Methods for Hazardous Phenolic Compounds Based on Graphene and Conducting Polymers-Based Materials

“…A calibration linearity in the range of 0.001 until 1 µM with an LOD of 0.74 nM was obtained for the extraction of Ph coupled with GC-MS. 2,4,6-TCP, on the other hand, exhibited a wider linear response between 0.05 nM and 2.53 µM and an LOD of 0.1 nM. These great results might be attributed to the enhancement of sorption capability due to the successful interactions between PANI, carbon nanotubes, and magnetite nanoparticles with the target compounds [249].…”

Layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly of a novel covalent organic frameworks microextraction coating for analyzing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous solutions via gas chromatography

“…To overcome these limitations, many researchers have made great efforts to prepare metal‐based SPME fibers, such as stainless‐steel wire (SSW) , copper wire , platinum wire , aluminum wire , titanium wire , and silver wire . Myriad coatings for the SPME fiber have also been introduced, including carbon nanotubes , metal oxide , graphene/graphene oxide , poly(ionic liquids) , metal‐organic frameworks , and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) .…”