Facile coconut inflorescence sap mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its diverse antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties

Bio-inspired facile fabrication of silver nanoparticles from in vitro grown shoots of Tamarix nilotica: explication of its potential in impeding growth and biofilms of Listeria monocytogenes and assessment of wound healing ability

“…14 Plant substrates act as effective reductants because of the presence of an array of phytochemicals, proteins, antioxidants, and amino acids. 15 Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have broad-spectrum bactericidal and fungicidal potential and do not induce resistance in bacteria. 16 The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs is due to their high surface-area-to-volume ratio and slow, sustained release of Ag + into microbial cells.…”

Metagenomic Investigation Uncovers Presence of Probiotic-Type Microbiome in Kalparasa® (Fresh Unfermented Coconut Inflorescence Sap)

“…This was obvious because the Kalparasa was rich in sugars, amino acids, and phenols (Hebbar et al, 2020), which the bacteria were actively utilizing for their metabolic activity and multiplication. We observed that the glycerophospholipid metabolism in the Kalparasa was strongly represented perhaps due to the presence of lipid contents to the tune of 12 as evidenced by MS analysis of the sap (Rajesh et al, 2020).…”

“…Because of the hitherto unknown uniqueness, the taste and purity of coconut inflorescence sap were brought to light when collected using the coco-sap chiller, termed Kalparasa, a product fit for health drink from the Kalpavriksha (name used for coconut tree in India as all its parts provide for human needs). The nutritional quality in terms of amino acid, minerals, vitamins, phenols, and secondary metabolites along with the basic microbial profile of Kalparasa was studied in detail, which bolstered its distinctiveness and health-promoting properties (Hebbar et al, 2020;Rajesh et al, 2020). However, the complete microbial profile of Kalparasa was not assessed FIGURE 3 | Quantification of bacterial divergence (heterogeneity/spread) within given samples by the mean sample dissimilarity or beta diversity.…”

“…Advanced chromatographic instrumentation (UPLC coupled with TQD-MS/MS) studies could highlight the superior biochemical properties of Kalparasa in terms of sugars, amino acids, vitamins, phenols, and flavonoids (Hebbar et al, 2020). Similarly, metabolome study of Kalparasa using LC-MS revealed its richness in secondary metabolites that had the potential to aid in green synthesis of nanoparticles (Rajesh et al, 2020). The fermentation kinetics in terms of Vit C and sugar degradation was recently published for Kalparasa analyzed at different time periods and stored under different conditions (Pandiselvam et al, 2021).…”

Emerging applications of green coconut: A promising lignocellulosic biomass

“…In a study scientists used waste polypropylene plastic as a matrix and confirmed their nanocomposites by characterization techniques (Ismail et al., 2022). Rajesh and his coworkers synthesized silver nanoparticles from coconut inflorescence sap and investigated its diverse antimicrobial properties (Rajesh et al., 2020). According to recent studies, coconut husk is a natural bio resource that can reduce energy utilization and is used in the creation of green, low‐power energy devices.…”