Facial Reconstruction with Prefabricated Induced Expanded (PIE) Supraclavicular Skin Flaps

Pre-expanded Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator-Based Flaps for Repair of Severe Scarring in Cervicofacial Regions

“…There are many reports about resurfacing scars in the face and chin with local expanded flaps. [17][18][19] An expanded neck flap prefabricated using the axis vascular supply of a superficial temporal fascia can significantly increase the distance of flap transfer. 20 This method takes advantage of using intact skin from a local region.…”

Face resurfacing using a cervicothoracic skin flap prefabricated by lateral thigh fascial flap and tissue expander

“…Ideally, a vascular carrier does not contain any tissue other than a densely spread capillary network, and it is maintained with a very long pedicle with large-caliber blood vessels that facilitates microvascular anastomosis. Several tissues, such as muscle, 19 fascia, 11,[20][21][22] omentum, 23 and vessel bundles 13,24,25 have been used as the carriers. Kimura et al 22 reported that the vessel bundle and muscle are not adequate as carriers for making a thin and large prefabricated skin flap.…”

“…The vascularized fascia may be the most suitable tissue as a carrier for making a thin prefabricated skin flap. There have been several reports that described use of the temporoparietal fascia, 11,20 radial forearm fascia, 21 and transversalis fascia 22 for flap prefabrication.…”

Burns: Treatment and Outcomes

“…9) is the expanded supraclavicular artery flap. 19,36 Pedicled, expanded, and prefabricated flaps, which have received considerable attention in postburn facial reconstruction, have involved several novel techniques, including prefabricated, induced, and expanded flaps 37,38 as well as prelining flaps. 39 The range of flaps used is extensive, but attention has to focus on color match and texture, as in the retro-auriculotemporal flap, 40 as well as adaptability.…”