Fabrication of tough, self‐recoverable, and electrically conductive hydrogels byin situreduction of poly(acrylic acid) grafted graphene oxide in polyacrylamide hydrogel matrix

Abstract

Developing electrically conductive hydrogels with good electronic properties and excellent mechanical performance is significant to their potential applications. In this article, we present a strategy to fabricate tough, self‐recoverable and electrically conductive hydrogels containing reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Poly(acrylic acid) grafted graphene oxide (GO‐g‐PAA) was synthesized and incorporated into chemically crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAM) networks to obtain GO‐g‐PAA/PAM hydrogels, which were further treated with ascorbic acid solution at ambient temperature to give rGO‐g‐PAA/PAM hydrogels. The interfacial interaction between GO/rGO and hydrogel matrix was improved by reversible hydrogen bonds between the grafted PAA chains and PAM matrix. Consequently, both GO‐g‐PAA/PAM and rGO‐g‐PAA/PAM hydrogels exhibited improved tensile properties, excellent energy dissipation, and rapid self‐recovery. The in situ chemical reduction of GO‐g‐PAA in hydrogel matrix endowed rGO‐g‐PAA/PAM hydrogels with satisfactory electrical conductivity and obvious resistance change upon stretching. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48781.

Effect of Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles Impregnated Bacterial Cellulose on Overall Properties of Alginate/Casein Hydrogels: Potential Injectable Biomaterial for Wound Healing Applications

“…They allow for incorporation of fillers ranging from the nano- to micron-size range. Recently, a variety of reinforcements such as zinc-oxide, iron-oxide, graphene-oxide, etc., have been incorporated into hydrogels to induce antibacterial, magnetic and electrical properties, respectively [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

A highly elastic and sensitive sensor based on GSP/HPAM composited hydrogel

“…However, those gels usually lack the conductivity. Introducing conductive polymers or mineral salts into networks could endow tough gels with conductivities 7–12,32–37 . However, they always possess moderate sensitivity.…”

Graphene Integrated Hydrogels Based Biomaterials in Photothermal Biomedicine

“…Therefore, using this method, various GO/hydrogel composites were prepared through the in situ polymerization of aniline [ 69 ], pyrrole [ 70 ], iron acetate [ 46 ], acrylic acid [ 63 , 71 ], polyacrylamide (PAM) [ 72 ], polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) [ 73 ] and polyacrylamide-co-poly(acrylic acid) (PAM-co-PAA) [ 68 , 74 , 75 ] in GO dispersions with suitable peroxide initiators attached by heat or radiation [ 76 ]. The most used initiators were investigated, including ammonia persulfate [ 63 , 70 , 71 , 74 ] and potassium persulfate [ 68 , 75 ]. For instance, Zhang and colleagues successfully fabricated graphene oxide/polyacrylamide composite hydrogels using in situ polymerization of a mixture of monomer acrylamide and GO with the incidence of co-crosslinker N,N-methylene bisacrylamide [ 74 ].…”

“…Subsequently, the substance was poured into the cylinder mold and the reaction was conducted at 65 °C for 4 h. The incorporation of GO nanosheets and PAM macromolecules by a radical reaction in this method could trigger mechanical properties including compressive strength, bending angle and electric response. Furthermore, to ameliorate the homogeneous diffusion and interfacial interaction in the hydrogel network, Li and coworkers employed rGO instead of GO to assemble into polymer composites through a three-step method [ 75 ]. For this purpose, the process was established in the following order: preparation of PAA-grafted graphene oxide (GO-g-PAA) and then incorporated into PAM networks for GO-g-PAA/PAM preparation.…”

“…( c ) Fabrication of GGels by in situ reduction of PAA grafted GO in the PAM matrix. Adapted with permission from [ 75 ]. ( d ) Schematic models of the GO/PAM hydrogel including a Ca 2+ coordination-induced GO network (blue), chemically cross-linked PAM network (green) and hydrogen bonds between GO and PAM (red).…”