Fabrication of piezoelectric poly(l-lactic acid)/BaTiO3 fibre by the melt-spinning process

Abstract

Poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) based piezoelectric polymers are gradually becoming the substitute for the conventional piezoelectric ceramic and polymeric materials due to their low cost and biodegradable, non-toxic, piezoelectric and non-pyroelectric nature. To improve the piezoelectric properties of melt-spun poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA)/BaTiO3, we optimized the post-processing conditions to increase the proportion of the β crystalline phase. The α → β phase transition behaviour was determined by two-dimensional wide-angle x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The piezoelectric properties of PLLA/BaTiO3 fibres were characterised in their yarn and textile form through a tapping method. From these results, we confirmed that the crystalline phase transition of PLLA/BaTiO3 fibres was significantly enhanced under the optimised post-processing conditions at a draw ratio of 3 and temperature of 120 °C during the melt-spinning process. The results indicated that PLLA/BaTiO3 fibres could be a one of the material for organic-based piezoelectric sensors for application in textile-based wearable piezoelectric devices.

Bite Force Transducers and Measurement Devices

“…The piezoelectric polymer film represented by polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has strong piezoelectricity and flexibility; in particular, the acoustic impedance is close to that of water and biological tissues and is a good material for making sensors (Abdolmaleki and Agarwala, 2020). Piezoelectric composite materials of piezoelectric ceramics and polymers have also been used in the field of piezoelectric sensors (Oh et al, 2020).…”

A flexible self-poled piezocomposite nanogenerator based on H2(Zr0.1Ti0.9)3O7 nanowires and polylactic acid biopolymer

“…The β-phase of PLA has flexible molecular chains containing CO dipoles, where the crystal structure is characterized by the helical structure and the shear piezoelectricity at the molecular level originating from the dipole accompanies the asymmetric carbon. 76 When the shear strain induced by the electric field is applied to the molecular chain of the PLA through its side chain, the displacement arises in all the atoms. The motions causing a change in polarization is the rotation of the plane defined by the C–O and CO bond on the C–O bond of PLA, which was reported as perpendicular to the electric field.…”

“…Compared to PVDF or other piezoceramics, PLA-based piezoelectric materials own lower piezo-responses. 76 Accordingly, embedding piezoelectric fillers into the PLA matrix could be beneficial by increasing the portion of the desirable electroactive β-phase, thus enhancing the piezoelectric properties. 77 In our case, the presence of an oppositely charged polar surface on HZTO-nw@PDA aggressively interacts with the different CO dipoles of PLA, resulting in the development of negative and positive charge densities over the nanocomposite surface, which promotes the formation of piezoelectric polar β-phase through surface charge-induced polarization.…”

Poly-l-Lactic Acid (PLLA)-Based Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine: A Review on Processing and Applications

“…Similarly, Mg(OH) 2 was used to improve the mechanical properties of PLLA-based composites [ 59 ]. Another material that can be added to obtain high-performance PLLA-based material is BaTiO 3 , which is specifically used to give piezoelectric properties to the polyester [ 64 ]. Figure 2 shows the global and microscopic structure of PLLA fibers reinforced with BaTiO 3 particles fabricated by Oh et al…”

“… ( d ) Obtained as-spun PLLA fiber reinforced with BaTiO 3 particles by the pilot-scale melt-spinning, and ( e ) FE-SEM image of the as-spun PLLA/BaTiO 3 fibers. Reprinted with permission from Nature Publishing Group [ 64 ]. …”