Interfacial heterostructuring has appeared to be an efficient strategy to address the efficiency and applicability of the photocatalysts in solar energy conversion. Herein, we developed onedimensional (1D) α-Fe 2 O 3 /TiO 2 nanoheterojunction arrays for enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity. α-Fe 2 O 3 nanotubes were firstly prepared via anodization under controlled hydrodynamic conditions to increase the efficiency. 1D α-Fe 2 O 3 /TiO 2 nanoheterojunction arrays were then prepared through a hydrothermal treatment and a subsequent annealing process. A controlled anodization by modulating the hydrodynamic conditions, added a fine coating of TiO 2 overlayer, to finally give an optimized composition and geometry for improved light absorption and spatial charge separation efficiency. Consequently, the optimized α-Fe 2 O 3 generated a photocurrent of 0.07 mA cm −2 (3.5 times higher than that of pristine α-Fe 2 O 3 ), and the as-obtained α-Fe 2 O 3 /TiO 2 nanoheterojunction exhibited a photocurrent intensity of 0.12 mA cm −2 (about 6 times higher than that of pristine α-Fe 2 O 3 ). A long-term stability can also be ensured. The well-controlled architectures provides a guideline for synthesis of advanced nanomaterials.