Fabrication of Multifunctional Electronic Textiles Using Oxidative Restructuring of Copper into a Cu-Based Metal–Organic Framework

Abstract

This paper describes a novel synthetic approach for the conversion of zero-valent copper metal into a conductive two-dimensional layered metal–organic framework (MOF) based on 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP) to form Cu3(HHTP)2. This process enables patterning of Cu3(HHTP)2 onto a variety of flexible and porous woven (cotton, silk, nylon, nylon/cotton blend, and polyester) and non-woven (weighing paper and filter paper) substrates with microscale spatial resolution. The method produces conductive textiles with sheet resistances of 0.1–10.1 MΩ/cm2, depending on the substrate, and uniform conformal coatings of MOFs on textile swatches with strong interfacial contact capable of withstanding chemical and physical stresses, such as detergent washes and abrasion. These conductive textiles enable simultaneous detection and detoxification of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, achieving part per million limits of detection in dry and humid conditions. The Cu3(HHTP)2 MOF also demonstrated filtration capabilities of H2S, with uptake capacity up to 4.6 mol/kgMOF. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy show that the detection of NO and H2S with Cu3(HHTP)2 is accompanied by the transformation of these species to less toxic forms, such as nitrite and/or nitrate and copper sulfide and S x species, respectively. These results pave the way for using conductive MOFs to construct extremely robust electronic textiles with multifunctional performance characteristics.

MOFTextile: Metal‐organic frameworks nanosheets incorporated cotton textile for selective vapochromic sensing and capture of pyridine

“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] They can be synthesized via several methods and proceed into various forms, for example, film, membrane, three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, hydrogels, and aerogels. [18,30,31] They were reported for several applications such as electronic textile, [32] energy-based technology, [33,34] biomedical, sensing, [35,36] and photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants. [37,38] MOFs can easily in situ grow on several substrates.…”

Multifunctional Conductive Material Based on Intelligent Porous Paper Used in Conjunction with a Vitrimer for Electromagnetic Shielding, Sensing, Joule Heating, and Antibacterial Properties

“…As a result, it is essential to integrate multiple functions into one material. 13 For instance, integrating electromagnetic shielding, antibacterial properties, 14 sensing, 15 and Joule heating 16 into a functional material can meet people's diverse requirements while upholding to the sustainable development concept of today's society.…”

“…Therefore, there is a need to combine multiple functional devices to achieve the usage requirements, which can lead to overintegration between devices. As a result, it is essential to integrate multiple functions into one material . For instance, integrating electromagnetic shielding, antibacterial properties, sensing, and Joule heating into a functional material can meet people’s diverse requirements while upholding to the sustainable development concept of today’s society.…”

Density Functional Theory Study of Synergistic Gas Sensing Using an Electrically Conductive Mixed Ligand Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Framework

“…Campbell et al first reported the chemiresistive gas-sensing application of 2D-cMOFs by showing the effective NH 3 gas-sensing performance of copper-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene (Cu-HITP). 19 From his discovery, the 2D-cMOFs have been widely studied as room temperature (RT) chemiresistive sensing materials for NH 3 , 20,21 H 2 S, 22,23 NO x , 22,24,25 CO 2 , 26 and VOCs. 11 However, most 2D-cMOF-based sensors focus on single metal and single organic ligand structures, limiting the tunability of the electronic energy level and topology.…”

“…Campbell et al first reported the chemiresistive gas-sensing application of 2D-cMOFs by showing the effective NH 3 gas-sensing performance of copper-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene (Cu-HITP) . From his discovery, the 2D-cMOFs have been widely studied as room temperature (RT) chemiresistive sensing materials for NH 3 , , H 2 S, , NO x , ,, CO 2 , and VOCs . However, most 2D-cMOF-based sensors focus on single metal and single organic ligand structures, limiting the tunability of the electronic energy level and topology. , Yao et al first reported the successful synthesis of the mixed ligand 2D-cMOF, copper-tetrahydroxy-1,4-quinone-hexahydrotriphenylene (Cu-THQ-HHTP), for NH 3 gas-sensing applications. , Despite the fastest response speed of Cu-THQ-HHTP, the experimental results demonstrated that there was no noticeable synergistic NH 3 sensing performance exceeding unmixed MOFs.…”