Fabrication of ion-exchanged optical waveguides from dilute silver nitrate melts

Stewart, George; Laybourn, P.J.R.

doi:10.1109/jqe.1978.1069721

Cited by 69 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…29 The source of the exchanging ions was a mixture of molten nitrate salts. 30,31 An excellent repeatability in the diffusion profile and in the silver concentration throughout the ion-exchanged layer was achieved. 30 In the present research work, the ion-exchange technique was applied (for the first time) aiming to produce a bioactive glass with a silver-containing surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…30,31 An excellent repeatability in the diffusion profile and in the silver concentration throughout the ion-exchanged layer was achieved. 30 In the present research work, the ion-exchange technique was applied (for the first time) aiming to produce a bioactive glass with a silver-containing surface. The aim of this research is to propose a simple, effective and low cost technique to prepare, in a quick and reproducible way, bioactive and antibacterial biomaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…27,28 Ion exchange from molten bath was particularly studied in the last 20 years to produce optical devices (glass waveguides). 29,30 At this regard, different silicate glasses containing sodium and potassium oxides have been investigated in literature and their exchange ability has been evaluated for several cations pairs (Cs + , Rb + , Li + , K + , Ag + ). 29 The source of the exchanging ions was a mixture of molten nitrate salts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Silver containing bioactive glasses prepared by molten salt ion-exchange

Nunzio

Brovarone

Spriano

et al. 2004

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Silver containing bioactive glasses prepared by molten salt ion-exchange

Nunzio

Brovarone

Spriano

et al. 2004

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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“…31 Millar and Hutchins evaluated manufacturing tolerances of such waveguides. 32 Stewart and Laybourn studied the use of dilute silver nitrate melts, showing that this provided advantages in process control, 33 as had been earlier suggested. 34 Based on regular solution theory, they determined the relationship between the waveguide surface index and silver concentration in the salt melt.…”

Section: Early Years Of Ion-exchanged Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Ion-exchanged glass waveguide technology: a review

2011

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Abstract. We review the history and current status of ion exchanged glass waveguide technology. The background of ion exchange in glass and key developments in the first years of research are briefly described. An overview of fabrication, characterization and modeling of waveguides is given and the most important waveguide devices and their applications are discussed. Ion exchanged waveguide technology has served as an available platform for studies of general waveguide properties, integrated optics structures and devices, as well as applications. It is also a commercial fabrication technology for both passive and active waveguide components. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

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“…As the admixture ions the following are used: silver ions Ag + [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Oxide glasses, in which it is possible to carry out the ion exchange processes, must demonstrate a good ionic conductivity. They contain a large amount of modifiers weakly bound to the skeleton of the glass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Producibility of the ion-exchange method in manufacturing gradient refractive index in glass

Rogoziński¹

2014

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences

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Abstract. This paper presents the technological aspect of application of the ion exchange method in producing gradient refractive index in glass. The possibility of predictable and repeatable producing of the changes in glass refraction with the use of this method has been presented, as well as the method of in situ control of the process of diffusion doping of glass based on the measurement of the temperature. This method is based on simultaneous (to the carried process) solving the nonlinear diffusion equation modeling the spatio-temporal changes in normalized concentration of the admixture ions in glass. For this purpose the knowledge of temperature characteristics of diffusion coefficients of exchanged ions is used. The result of such control of diffusion processes is information on the current (temporary) refractive index profile of the resulting waveguide. The presented method of control has been confirmed by experimental results, which concern modeling and measurements of planar waveguide structures of slab type. The proposed methodology can also be used to control the diffusion processes of producing another type of two-and three-dimensional gradient structures. According to the author's knowledge the method mentioned above has not been described in literature before.

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Fabrication of ion-exchanged optical waveguides from dilute silver nitrate melts

Cited by 69 publications

References 10 publications

Silver containing bioactive glasses prepared by molten salt ion-exchange

Silver containing bioactive glasses prepared by molten salt ion-exchange

Ion-exchanged glass waveguide technology: a review

Producibility of the ion-exchange method in manufacturing gradient refractive index in glass

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