Fabrication of hole-transport-free perovskite solar cells using 5-ammonium valeric acid iodide as additive and carbon as counter electrode

Santhosh, N.; Sitaaraman, S.R.; Pounraj, P.; Govindaraj, R.; Pandian, Muthu Senthil; Ramasamy, Parthiban

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2018.11.052

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…5-AVA templates the crystallization of the perovskite in the pores of mesoporous TiO 2 , providing a lower defect concentration, 99 while its -COOH and -NH 2 groups interact with TiO 2 through hydrogen bonding, ensuring a better interfacial contact with the anode. 102 Mei reported an increase in PCE from 7.2% to 11.6% by replacing MA with 5-AVA, 99 while Santhosh reported an average PCE of 6.47% for the same cell (see Table 2). 102 The lower PCE was ascribed to the poor FF, due to a non-optimal assembly of the cell.…”

Section: High-temperature Processed Front Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…102 Mei reported an increase in PCE from 7.2% to 11.6% by replacing MA with 5-AVA, 99 while Santhosh reported an average PCE of 6.47% for the same cell (see Table 2). 102 The lower PCE was ascribed to the poor FF, due to a non-optimal assembly of the cell. On the other hand, the FA cation forms a perovskite phase with a band-gap of 1.47 eV, lower than that of MAPbI 3 (1.55 eV).…”

Section: High-temperature Processed Front Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells

Fagiolari

Bella

2019

Energy Environ. Sci.

245

188

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Almost ten years after their first use in the photovoltaic (PV) field, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are now hybrid devices that, in addition to having reached silicon performance, can accelerate the energy transition and boost the use of abundant elements for their manufacturing process. However, noble metals (in particular gold) represent the most typically used sources for back electrode fabrication, and this issue has been intensively considered by the research community in the last five years. This review shows how the most promising solution, considering also the need to develop a large-scale production process, is based on the use of carbon-based materials for the preparation of back electrodes. Graphite, carbon black, graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been proposed, functionalized and characterized, leading to laboratory-scale solar cells and modules capable of providing excellent efficiencies and ensuring stability greater than those of gold-based devices. Strengthened by these results and its hydrophobizing properties, carbon has also started to be used as an electron transporting material (ETM), with excellent results on both rigid and flexible substrates. This review discusses the major advances and the updated state-of-the-art in the carbon-based PSC scenario, keeping a solid trajectory where the accessibility, low cost, high electrical conductivity, chemical stability and controllable porosity of carbon are highlighted and exploited in the design of upscalable hybrid solar cells. Broader contextToday, more than 75% of the world energy demand is met by traditional, non-sustainable energy resources, mainly based on coal, natural gas and oil. Photovoltaics represents a concrete action to mitigate fossil fuel consumption, and among all the developed solar cells, perovskite-based ones have shown the highest increase in terms of efficiency (currently above 25%). Halide perovskites, as a family of new-generation semiconductor materials, are also exploitable for light-emitting devices, photodetectors and memristors, but their use in photovoltaics gives rise to outstanding performances. Here, photogenerated charges pass through electron/hole transporting materials and are transferred to the external circuit by front and back electrodes. While the front electrode is a common conductive glass, many issues are now under study concerning the back electrode, traditionally made of gold. Indeed, replacing this expensive metal with a much cheaper alternative is vital for realizing affordable solar technologies. Carbon, in its multiple forms, represents the winning solution and the scientific community has recently shown its large scale processability, its power as a stability booster and some interesting effects at the perovskite/electrode interface. This review shows how carbon is becoming the winning ingredient for the scaling up and worldwide diffusion of perovskite solar cells.

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Section: High-temperature Processed Front Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: High-temperature Processed Front Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells

Fagiolari

Bella

2019

Energy Environ. Sci.

245

188

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“…During the past decade, organic–inorganic halide perovskites (PVKs) have risen as one of the most promising semiconductor families for various advanced applications in optoelectronics, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) [ 1 ], lasers [ 1 ], photodetectors [ 2 ], scintillators [ 3 ], and solar cells [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. PVKs are especially promising for photovoltaic applications due to a broad range of favorable properties: (i) preparation from solutions, at low temperature and low cost, (ii) long charges diffusion lengths, (iii) direct optical transition, (iv) a bandgap that can be tuned by playing on the material composition, and (v) low exciton binding energy [ 2 , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis( N , N ’-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) is the most popular hole-transporting material (HTM), and TiO 2 is a popular electron-transporting material (ETM). However, a different cell architecture has proven more suitable for producing highly stable devices [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. It is composed of three stacked mesoporous layers, i.e., TiO 2 /ZrO 2 /carbon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 5-Ammonium Valeric Acid Iodide as Additive on Methyl Ammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

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During the past decade, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has risen rapidly, and it now approaches the record for single crystal silicon solar cells. However, these devices still suffer from a problem of stability. To improve PSC stability, two approaches have been notably developed: the use of additives and/or post-treatments that can strengthen perovskite structures and the use of a nontypical architecture where three mesoporous layers, including a porous carbon backcontact without hole transporting layer, are employed. This paper focuses on 5-ammonium valeric acid iodide (5-AVAI or AVA) as an additive in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI). By combining scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), current–voltage measurements, ideality factor determination, and in-depth electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) investigations on various layers stacks structures, we discriminated the effects of a mesoscopic scaffold and an AVA additive. The AVA additive was found to decrease the bulk defects in perovskite (PVK) and boost the PVK resistance to moisture. The triple mesoporous structure was detrimental for the defects, but it improved the stability against humidity. On standard architecture, the PCE is 16.9% with the AVA additive instead of 18.1% for the control. A high stability of TiO2/ZrO2/carbon/perovskite cells was found due to both AVA and the protection by the all-inorganic scaffold. These cells achieved a PCE of 14.4% in the present work.

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An Easily Developed Difunctional Molecule Enabling Highly Efficient and Stable Light‐Emitting Diodes

Deng,

Zhang,

Ren

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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The surface treatment for solution‐processed perovskite films using molecular passivation agents has been reported to be critical for improving the performance of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Generally, most studies emphasized the binding effect between passivation molecules and perovskite surface, while halide perovskites are dominated by multiple defects and need more comprehensive passivation, which is often neglected. Here, a molecule of 5‐ammonium valeric acid trifluoroacetate (5‐AVATFA) with multi‐functional groups is rationally developed to modify the interface of advanced PeLEDs. Combining experimental and density functional theory analysis, the synergism effects of reduced surface defects and increased steric hindrance of 5‐AVATFA, which can greatly suppress the ion migration of PeLEDs, are demonstarated. Because of the passivation effect of multi‐functional 5‐AVATFA, an optimal device with an external quantum efficiency of 22.32%, a radiance of 558.46 W sr−1 m−2, and an extended half‐lifetime of 103.3 h is obtained.

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Fabrication of hole-transport-free perovskite solar cells using 5-ammonium valeric acid iodide as additive and carbon as counter electrode

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells

Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells

Effects of 5-Ammonium Valeric Acid Iodide as Additive on Methyl Ammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells

An Easily Developed Difunctional Molecule Enabling Highly Efficient and Stable Light‐Emitting Diodes

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