Fabrication of high-strength Ti materials by in-process solid solution strengthening of oxygen via P/M methods

Sun, Bin; Li, Shunfeng; Imai, Hisashi; Mimoto, Takanori; Umeda, Junko; Kondoh, Katsuyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2012.11.058

Cited by 120 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Pronounced strengthening effects arise from athermal shuffling of the interstitial O atoms by the screw dislocations, impeding line defect motion [87]. Nevertheless, low oxygen concentration or its interaction with substitutional solutes may enhance strength with minimal deterioration impact on ductility [88,89]. Secondly, large heating gradients during the manufacturing process prevent the formation of the β-phase, causing supersaturation of the material and internal stresses [90] at the atomic level, seen as wide XRD peaks ( Figure 9).…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser and Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Methods of Fabricating Titanium Bone Implants

et al. 2017

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Featured Application: This work is a detailed comparison of the direct laser and electron additive manufacturing methods, which could help scientific research institutes and companies choose the best 3D printer system for the fabrication of titanium implants.Abstract: Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods are generally used to produce an early sample or near net-shape elements based on three-dimensional geometrical modules. To date, publications on AM of metal implants have mainly focused on knee and hip replacements or bone scaffolds for tissue engineering. The direct fabrication of metallic implants can be achieved by methods, such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) or Electron Beam Melting (EBM). This work compares the SLM and EBM methods used in the fabrication of titanium bone implants by analyzing the microstructure, mechanical properties and cytotoxicity. The SLM process was conducted in an environmental chamber using 0.4-0.6 vol % of oxygen to enhance the mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy. SLM processed material had high anisotropy of mechanical properties and superior UTS (1246-1421 MPa) when compared to the EBM (972-976 MPa) and the wrought material (933-942 MPa). The microstructure and phase composition depended on the used fabrication method. The AM methods caused the formation of long epitaxial grains of the prior β phase. The equilibrium phases (α + β) and non-equilibrium α' martensite was obtained after EBM and SLM, respectively. Although it was found that the heat transfer that occurs during the layer by layer generation of the component caused aluminum content deviations, neither methods generated any cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, in contrast to SLM, the EBM fabricated material met the ASTMF136 standard for surgical implant applications.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser and Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Methods of Fabricating Titanium Bone Implants

et al. 2017

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“…Previous studies reported that the TiO 2 particles were thermally decomposed during sintering with Ti powder. 13,14,28) In this study, too, oxygen atoms should be in solid solution, because we applied higher temperature and longer time in the heat treatment to the SPSed billets. Therefore, the additive TiO 2 particles were completely decomposed and all oxygen atoms originated from TiO 2 particles were soluted into ¡-Ti crystals of Ti1100HT-O and Ti1000-O materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis on Light Elements Solution Strengthening in Pure Titanium Sintered Materials by Labusch Model Using Experimental Data

et al. 2019

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Solid solution strengthening effect by oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) atoms of ¡-titanium (Ti) materials was quantitatively evaluated using Labusch model by consideration of the experimental data. When using Labusch model to predict solid solution strengthening improvement, an application of the isotropic strains by solute elements is generally assumed to estimate Fm value. It is, however, difficult to exactly calculate Fm value for ¡-Ti materials with O and N solute atoms because the anisotropic strains are induced in ¡-Ti crystal with hcp structure by these elements. In this study, Fm value was experimentally derived from the relationship between 0.2% yield stress and solute elements (O and N atoms) content of powder metallurgy Ti materials. As a result, the strengthening improvement was proportional to c 2/3 /S f (c: soluted atom content, S f : Schmid factor), and its factor of proportionality of TiO and TiN materials was 4.17 © 10 3 and 3.29 © 10 3 , respectively. According to this analysis, it was clarified that Fm value of TiO and TiN materials was 6.22 © 10 ¹10 and 5.21 © 10 ¹10 , respectively, and then the estimated strengthening improvement by using these values was significantly agreed with the experimental results of PM Ti materials with O and N solution atoms. [

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“…Sun et al [351] reported that by allowing CP-Ti powder to pick up oxygen during warm compaction, elevated oxygen levels could be achieved that produced significantly improved tensile properties. It was reported that CP-Ti with 0.64 wt-% oxygen had a tensile strength of 974 MPa and ductility of 26%EL.…”

Section: Static Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder metallurgy of titanium – past, present, and future

Fang

Paramore

Sun

et al. 2017

International Materials Reviews

384

158

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Powder metallurgy (PM) of titanium is a potentially cost-effective alternative to conventional wrought titanium. This article examines both traditional and emerging technologies, including the production of powder, and the sintering, microstructure, and mechanical properties of PM Ti. The production methods of powder are classified into two categories: (1) powder that is produced as the product of extractive metallurgy processes, and (2) powder that is made from Ti sponge, ingot, mill products, or scrap. A new hydrogen-assisted magnesium reduction (HAMR) process is also discussed. The mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V produced using various PM processes are analyzed based on their dependence on unique microstructural features, oxygen content, porosity, and grain size. In particular, the fatigue properties of PM Ti-6Al-4V are examined as functions of microstructure. A hydrogen-enabled approach for microstructural engineering that can be used to produce PM Ti with wroughtlike microstructure and properties is also presented.

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Fabrication of high-strength Ti materials by in-process solid solution strengthening of oxygen via P/M methods

Cited by 120 publications

References 22 publications

Laser and Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Methods of Fabricating Titanium Bone Implants

Laser and Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Methods of Fabricating Titanium Bone Implants

Quantitative Analysis on Light Elements Solution Strengthening in Pure Titanium Sintered Materials by Labusch Model Using Experimental Data

Powder metallurgy of titanium – past, present, and future

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