Fabrication of computationally designed scaffolds by low temperature 3D printing

Castilho, Miguel; Dias, M.; Gbureck, Uwe; Groll, Jürgen; Fernandes, Paulo R.; Pires, Inês; Gouveia, Bárbara; Rodrigues, J.M.C.; Vorndran, Elke

doi:10.1088/1758-5082/5/3/035012

Cited by 98 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, there is a need for developing an effective way to prepare porous ceramics with appropriate mechanical properties for specific applications [15]. The Furthermore, calcium sulphate scaffolds demonstrated lower compressive strength, compressive modulus and toughness than those reported for cancellous bones since they were not subjected to any post hardening process [38,41]. The compressive stress-strain curves shown in increasing the delay to 100, 300 ms and 500 ms, the plastic region was extended, suggesting a higher toughness.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is also affected by design, particle size and depowdering steps in the fabrication of scaffolds. The removal of the unbound powder from internal features should be seriously considered during the design phase because it will strongly constrain the permeability coefficient, a key parameter in the design of scaffolds [41,46].…”

Section: Tomography and Morphological Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of layer printing delay on mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of 3D printed porous prototypes in bone tissue engineering

Farzadi

Waran

Solati‐Hashjin

et al. 2015

Ceramics International

104

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Effect of layer printing delay on mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of 3D printed porous prototypes in bone tissue engineering, Ceramics International, http://dx. AbstractRecent advancements in computational design and additive manufacturing have enabled the fabrication of 3D prototypes with controlled architecture resembling the natural bone. Powder-based three-dimensional printing (3DP) is a versatile method for production of synthetic scaffolds using sequential layering process. The quality of 3D printed products by this method is controlled by the optimal build parameters. In this study, Calcium Sulphate based powders were used for porous scaffolds fabrication. The X-direction printed scaffolds with a pore size of 0.8 mm and a layer thickness of 0.1125 mm were subjected to the depowdering step. The effects of four layer printing delays of 50, 100, 300 and 500 ms on the physical and mechanical properties of printed scaffolds were investigated. The compressive strength, toughness and tangent modulus of samples printed with a delay of 300 ms were observed to be higher than other samples. Furthermore, the results of SEM and µCT analyses showed that samples printed with a delay of 300 ms have higher dimensional accuracy and are significantly closer to CAD software based designs with predefined 0.8 mm macro pore and 0.6 mm strut size.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Tomography and Morphological Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of layer printing delay on mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of 3D printed porous prototypes in bone tissue engineering

Farzadi

Waran

Solati‐Hashjin

et al. 2015

Ceramics International

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…AM-related structure design optimization methods can be classified by different objectives, such as optimization for stiffness and strength [65][66][67][68], compliance [69,70], and manufacturability [33]. In addition, structural optimization methods have spread to other disciplines such as dynamic [71,72], thermal [73][74][75] and biomedical field [76][77][78]. In terms of optimization methods, they can be classified into two groups based on whether the interior (a) (b) Fig.…”

Section: Design For Additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing-enabled design theory and methodology: a critical review

Yang

Zhao

2015

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

272

150

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As additive manufacturing (AM) process evolves from rapid prototyping to the end-of-use product manufacturing process, manufacturing constraints have largely been alleviated and design freedom has been significantly broadened, including shape complexity, material complexity, hierarchical complexity, and functional complexity. Inevitably, conventional Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) especially life-cycle objectives oriented ones are challenged. In this paper, firstly, the impact of AM on conventional DTM is analyzed in terms of design for manufacturing (DFM), design for assembly (DFA), and design for performance (DFP). Abundance of evidences indicate that conventional DTM is not qualified to embrace these new opportunities and consequently underline the need for a set of design principles for AM to achieve a better design. Secondly, design methods related with AM are reviewed and classified into three main groups, including design guidelines, modified DTM for AM, and design for additive manufacturing (DFAM). The principles and representative design methods in each category are studied comprehensively with respect to benefits and drawbacks. A new design method partially overcoming these drawbacks by integrating function integration and structure optimization to realize less part count and better performance is discussed. Design tools as a necessary part for supporting design are also studied. In the meantime, the review also identified the possible areas for future research.

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“…[40][41][42][43][44] This ensures not only that the scaffold has fully interconnected pores, but also a FIG. 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Novel Three-Dimensional Printed Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration

Holmes

Zhu

et al. 2015

Tissue Engineering Part A

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As modern medicine advances, various methodologies are being explored and developed in order to treat severe osteochondral defects in joints. However, it is still very challenging to cure the osteochondral defects due to their poor inherent regenerative capacity, complex stratified architecture, and disparate biomechanical properties. The objective of this study is to create novel three-dimensional (3D) printed osteochondral scaffolds with both excellent interfacial mechanical properties and biocompatibility for facilitating human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) growth and chondrogenic differentiation. For this purpose, we designed and 3D printed a series of innovative bi-phasic 3D models that mimic the osteochondral region of articulate joints. Our mechanical testing results showed that our bi-phasic scaffolds with key structures have enhanced mechanical characteristics in compression (a maximum Young's modulus of 31 MPa) and shear (a maximum fracture strength of 5768 N/mm 2 ) when compared with homogenous designs. These results are also correlated with numerical simulation. In order to improve their biocompatibility, the scaffolds' surfaces were further modified with acetylated collagen (one of the main components in osteochondral extracellular matrix). MSC proliferation results demonstrated that incorporation of a collagen, along with biomimetically designed micro-features, can greatly enhance MSC growth after 5 days in vitro. Two weeks' chondrogenic differentiation results showed that our novel scaffolds (dubbed ''key'' scaffolds), both with and without surface collagen modification, displayed enhanced chondrogenesis (e.g., 130%, 114%, and 236% increases in glycosaminoglycan, type II collagen deposition, and total protein content on collagen-modified key scaffolds when compared with homogeneous controls).

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Fabrication of computationally designed scaffolds by low temperature 3D printing

Cited by 98 publications

References 55 publications

Effect of layer printing delay on mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of 3D printed porous prototypes in bone tissue engineering

Effect of layer printing delay on mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of 3D printed porous prototypes in bone tissue engineering

Additive manufacturing-enabled design theory and methodology: a critical review

Development of Novel Three-Dimensional Printed Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration

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