Fabrication of a two-dimensional pH image sensor using a charge transfer technique

Hizawa, Takeshi; Sawada, Kazuaki; Takao, Hidekuni; Ishida, M.

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2006.01.056

Cited by 118 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Although a variety of electrochemical detection methods have been studied 24,25 , the ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) 26,27 was most applicable to our chemistry and scaling requirements because of its sensitivity to hydrogen ions, and its compatibility with CMOS processes [28][29][30][31] . Previous attempts to detect both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 32 and DNA synthesis 33 as well as sequence DNA electronically 34 have been made.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated semiconductor device enabling non-optical genome sequencing

Rothberg¹,

Hinz²,

Rearick³

et al. 2011

Nature

1,863

1,157

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The seminal importance of DNA sequencing to the life sciences, biotechnology and medicine has driven the search for more scalable and lower-cost solutions. Here we describe a DNA sequencing technology in which scalable, low-cost semiconductor manufacturing techniques are used to make an integrated circuit able to directly perform non-optical DNA sequencing of genomes. Sequence data are obtained by directly sensing the ions produced by template-directed DNA polymerase synthesis using all-natural nucleotides on this massively parallel semiconductor-sensing device or ion chip. The ion chip contains ion-sensitive, field-effect transistor-based sensors in perfect register with 1.2 million wells, which provide confinement and allow parallel, simultaneous detection of independent sequencing reactions. Use of the most widely used technology for constructing integrated circuits, the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process, allows for low-cost, large-scale production and scaling of the device to higher densities and larger array sizes. We show the performance of the system by sequencing three bacterial genomes, its robustness and scalability by producing ion chips with up to 10 times as many sensors and sequencing a human genome.DNA sequencing and, more recently, massively parallel DNA sequencing 1-4 has had a profound impact on research and medicine. The reductions in cost and time for generating DNA sequence have resulted in a range of new sequencing applications in cancer 5,6 , human genetics 7 , infectious diseases 8 and the study of personal genomes 9-11 , as well as in fields as diverse as ecology 12,13 and the study of ancient DNA 14,15 . Although de novo sequencing costs have dropped substantially, there is a desire to continue to drop the cost of sequencing at an exponential rate consistent with the semiconductor industry's Moore's Law 16 as well as to provide lower cost, faster and more portable devices. This has been operationalized by the desire to reach the $1,000 genome 17 .To date, DNA sequencing has been limited by its requirement for imaging technology, electromagnetic intermediates (either X-rays 18 , or light 19 ) and specialized nucleotides or other reagents 20 . To overcome these limitations and further democratize the practice of sequencing, a paradigm shift based on non-optical sequencing on newly developed integrated circuits was pursued. Owing to its scalability and its low power requirement, CMOS processes are dominant in modern integrated circuit manufacturing 21 . The ubiquitous nature of computers, digital cameras and mobile phones has been made possible by the low-cost production of integrated circuits in CMOS.Leveraging advances in the imaging field-which has produced large, fast arrays for photonic imaging 22 -we sought a suitable electronic sensor for the construction of an integrated circuit to detect the hydrogen ions that would be released by DNA polymerase 23 during sequencing by synthesis, as opposed to a sensor designed for the detection of photons. Although a variety ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated semiconductor device enabling non-optical genome sequencing

Rothberg¹,

Hinz²,

Rearick³

et al. 2011

Nature

1,863

1,157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, potentiometric image sensors, or pH image sensors, have been developed to visualize the two-dimensional pH distribution in solutions. (10) The sensing of several biomolecules such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and acetylcholine (ACh) was demonstrated using pH image sensors combined with enzymatic membranes. (11,12) However, since the sensing of biomolecules relies on the H + generated by enzymatic reactions, the output of the pH image sensor can be affected by the pH variations in a specimen, the ionic strength, and the buffer capacity of the solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Glutamate Sensor for Neurotransmitter Imaging

2017

Sensors and Materials

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We report an enzyme-based potentiometric glutamate sensor combined with a semiconductor device for neurotransmitter imaging, the response of which is based on the detection of the interfacial potential of a gold electrode produced by redox and enzyme reactions. First, we confirmed that the interfacial potential increased logarithmically with the increasing concentration ratio of hexacyanoferrate(III) to hexacyanoferrate(II). The proposed sensor could detect the interfacial potential change of the gold electrode with a slope of 66.1 mV/decade. H 2 O 2 and l-glutamate were detected as a function of the change in the interfacial potential of the gold electrode in the range of 0.01-1 mM. Slopes of 55.2 and 41.9 mV/decade were obtained as the sensitivities for H 2 O 2 and l-glutamate, respectively. These estimated values are larger than the theoretical value of 29.5 mV/decade. Although the reason why the difference between the estimated value and the theoretical value occurred could not be revealed, the interfacial potential is expected to depend on some kind of reaction related to H 2 O 2 concentration because the logarithmic response was obtained for H 2 O 2 concentration. Therefore, the results suggested that the sensor can detect the l-glutamate concentration.

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“…(7) Among the subjects investigated, a pH test has great significance, not only for field measurements but also in lab experiments, because a large number of chemical and biological processes depend on pH. There are many techniques that can be used to detect pH values, such as pH image sensors, (8) glass electrodes, (9) conductimetric pH sensors, (10) cantilevers, (11) optical fiber pH sensors, (12) and ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET)-based pH sensors. (13) Each experimental approach has its own merits and drawbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Solid-State pH Sensor for Wagyu-Rumen Monitoring

2016

Sensors and Materials

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We have developed a solid-type pH sensor for dairy wagyu-rumen measurements. The pH sensor is composed of a sensing electrode of indium tin oxide (ITO) film and a metal-oxidesemiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). In the solid-state sensor structure, the ITO electrode is a separated gate of the FET and the ITO electrode can be patterned with a suitable capture structure for the wagyu-rumen environment. A sensor system with a compact size can be fabricated by eliminating the reference solution. The pH sensors have a sensitivity of 10-15 µA/pH under different sensing contact areas from 12 to 78 mm 2 . Long-term tests with interval experiments have been completed in 18 d, and the results demonstrate that the pH sensor has a stable performance for rumen pH measurements over a long time.

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Fabrication of a two-dimensional pH image sensor using a charge transfer technique

Cited by 118 publications

References 8 publications

An integrated semiconductor device enabling non-optical genome sequencing

An integrated semiconductor device enabling non-optical genome sequencing

Development of Glutamate Sensor for Neurotransmitter Imaging

Developing a Solid-State pH Sensor for Wagyu-Rumen Monitoring

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