Fabrication of 3D Expanded Graphite-Based (MnO₂ Nanowalls and PANI Nanofibers) Hybrid as Bifunctional Material for High-Performance Supercapacitor and Sensor

Abstract

A three-dimensional ribboned thermally expanded graphite (3D RTEG)-based (MnO2 and PANI) bifunctional hybrid with layer-by-layer architecture has been obtained by one-step electrochemical intercalating electrodeposition of MnO2 or PANI into 3D RTEG for supercapacitor and strain sensor applications. The outcomes demonstrate that large specific capacitance of 500 (∼4) and 700 F g−1 (∼6 F cm−2) are obtained for 3D RTEG-MnO2 and RTEG-PANI, respectively. Moreover, both show high energy efficiencies of 65–70% and 75–78% for both, respectively. Furthermore, the assembled supercapacitor devices using the 3D RTEG-MnO2 and RTEG-PANI electrodes show high energy densities of 50.12 (451.08) and 61.23 Wh kg−1 (551.07μWh cm−2) while maintaining high power densities of 15.26 (137.34) and 20.15 kW kg−1 (181.35 mW cm−2), respectively. Additionally, the 3D RTEG-PANI can be also used to assemble strain sensor for measuring weight, and the sensor displays excellent sensing performance. These magnetic outcomes indicate that the 3D RTEG-based composite can be served as potential material candidates for high performance supercapacitor and sensor. On the whole, it is worth noting that the facile and cost-effective procedure for synthesis 3D RTEG-based hybrid, can encourage researchers to synthesize different kinds of controllable RTEG-based hybrid with higher electrochemical and sensor performance.

Recent trends in the applications of thermally expanded graphite for energy storage and sensors – a review

“…Several studies have been reported on the thermal conductivity and electrochemical properties of TEG 103,104 . TEG also has been used in the preparation of electrochemical sensors 105 , fuel cells 106,107 , batteries 108,109 and supercapacitors 110,111 . In particular, TEG was demonstrated in lithiumion battery (LIB) with good cycling stability up to 100 cycles, first reversible capacity was 401 mA h/g 112 .…”

Fabrication of reduced graphene oxide-cellulose nanofibers based hybrid film with good hydrophilicity and conductivity as electrodes of supercapacitor

“…S1(d), respectively. The peaks at 820 and 1480 cm -1 correspond to amine/imine deformation (C-N-C bending) and C-N stretching vibration, respectively (Xiong et al 2019). These results demonstrate that the PANI has been successfully electropolymerized onto the RGO-CNF lm.…”

“…As a new type of energy storage device between traditional capacitor and battery, supercapacitor has the advantages of fast charge discharge rate, long cycle life, high power density (to meet the requirements of high current and high power operation) and so on. It is considered to be a promising energy source (Dang et al 2018;Peng et al 2020;Xiong et al 2019;Liu et al 2020).…”

“…These indicators show that the electrochemical energy storage performance of GR supercapacitor is far lower than its theoretical value, and there is still a lot of room for improvement. In order to solve the problem of low performance of GR supercapacitors, it is one of the common strategies to construct 3D GR-spacer composite electrode materials by introducing spacers between GR layers, mainly including carbon materials , metal oxides (Xiong et al 2019) and conductive polymers . Indeed, the introduction of these spacers improves the utilization e ciency of graphene to some extent, and the GRbased composites with good electrochemical storage properties are obtained.…”

A High Faraday Efficiency NiMoO4 Nanosheet Array Catalyst by Adjusting the Hydrophilicity for Overall Water Splitting

“…[4] To date, the noble-metalc atalysts are still the state-of-the-artO ER and HER catalysts. [5] The electrocatalytic performance of the transitional-metal compounds stilln eeds to be further improvedt ob ec ompetitive with that of the noble-metalc atalysts. [6] Generally,t he design and construction of hierarchical nano-materials with open structures have attracted tremendous attention owing to the unique structural advantage of high surface area, which provides effective ion diffusion pathwaysf or the mass and charge transport during the electrochemical process.…”