Fabrication, charge carrier transport, and application of printable nanocomposites based on indium tin oxide nanoparticles and conducting polymer 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/polystyrene sulfonic acid

Maksimenko, Ilja; Kilian, Daniel; Mehringer, Christian; Voigt, Michael; Wellmann, Peter J.

doi:10.1063/1.3658634

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…18−21 There are many theories that explain why these solvents enhance the conductivity, but the precise mechanism is still unclear. 22,23 In addition to conductivity increase, other fundamental properties of solventmodified PEDOT:PSS thin-film should be studied to improve the efficiency of OSCs. In this work, the polar solvents such as methanol, acetone, or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were used to modify the PEDOT:PSS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PEDOT:PSS is composed of PEDOT, which is hydrophobic and conductive, and PSS, which is hydrophilic and insulating; the conductivity of the thin-film is directly related to the way in which the PEDOT is formed . Many studies have focused on enhancing the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS by adding solvents. − There are many theories that explain why these solvents enhance the conductivity, but the precise mechanism is still unclear. , In addition to conductivity increase, other fundamental properties of solvent-modified PEDOT:PSS thin-film should be studied to improve the efficiency of OSCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hole Transport Enhancing Effects of Polar Solvents on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) for Organic Solar Cells

Yang

Kim

et al. 2012

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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This study analyzed the properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) thin-films prepared by spin-coating solutions made with the polar solvents methanol, acetone, or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). A characteristic analysis was carried out for poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C(61)-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)-based organic solar cells (OSCs) having these modified PEDOT:PSS thin-films as the hole transport layer. The resistivity of the PEDOT:PSS thin-film obtained from the DMF solution was 4.89 × 10(-3) Ω·cm with a roughness of 3.23 × 10° nm, compared to 3.51 × 10(-1) Ω·cm and 7.72 × 10(-1) nm for a pristine PEDOT:PSS thin-film. The dipole moment increase of the solvent led to the decreased resistivity and the increased roughness and transparency of PEDOT:PSS thin-films on the structural arrangement of the polymers. Highly efficient OSCs with a power conversion efficiency of 3.47% were obtained when DMF-treated PEDOT:PSS thin-film was used as the hole transport layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hole Transport Enhancing Effects of Polar Solvents on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) for Organic Solar Cells

Yang

Kim

et al. 2012

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The supply of indium is constrained by both mining and geopolitical issues, and ITO must be deposited by a vacuum process that is expensive to set up and maintain. Therefore, researchers have investigated solution-processed transparent anodes such as conducting polymers and carbon nanotube films [ 8 - 12 ]. These anodes can be inexpensively coated by a solution process in an air environment, but their sheet resistances are ten times higher than that of ITO while their transmittance is similar [ 8 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of WO3/Ag/WO3 multilayer transparent anode with solution-processed WO3 for polymer light-emitting diodes

et al. 2012

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The dielectric/metal/dielectric multilayer is suitable for a transparent electrode because of its high-optical and high-electrical properties; however, it is fabricated by an expensive and inefficient multistep vacuum process. We present a WO3/Ag/WO3 (WAW) multilayer transparent anode with solution-processed WO3 for polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). This WAW multilayer not only has high transmittance and low resistance but also can be easily and rapidly fabricated. We devised a novel method to deposit a thin WO3 layer by a solution process in an air environment. A tungstic acid solution was prepared from an aqueous solution of Na2WO4 and then converted to WO3 nanoparticles (NPs) by a thermal treatment. Thin WO3 NP layers form WAW multilayer with a thermal-evaporated Ag layer, and they improve the transmittance of the WAW multilayer because of its high transmittance and refractive index. Moreover, the surface of the WO3 layer is homogeneous and flat with low roughness because of the WO3 NP generation from the tungstic acid solution without aggregation. We performed optical simulation and experiments, and the optimized WAW multilayer had a high transmittance of 85% with a sheet resistance of 4 Ω/sq. Finally, PLEDs based on the WAW multilayer anode achieved a maximum luminance of 35,550 cd/m2 at 8 V, and this result implies that the solution-processed WAW multilayer is appropriate for use as a transparent anode in PLEDs.

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“…1,2 Examples of suitable materials and devices include e.g. a composite dispersion from indium tin oxide (ITO) NPs and conducting polymer NPs (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/ polystyrene sulfonic acid). This dispersion is used for transparent NP based electrode fabrication.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tunable conduction type of solution-processed germanium nanoparticle based field effect transistors and their inverter integration

Meric

Mehringer

Karpstein

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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In this work we demonstrate the fabrication of germanium nanoparticle (NP) based electronics. The whole process chain from the nanoparticle production up to the point of inverter integration is covered. Ge NPs with a mean diameter of 33 nm and a geometric standard deviation of 1.19 are synthesized in the gas phase by thermal decomposition of GeH 4 precursor in a seeded growth process. Dispersions of these particles in ethanol are employed to fabricate thin particulate films (60 to 120 nm in thickness) on substrates with a pre-patterned interdigitated aluminum electrode structure. The effect of temperature treatment, polymethyl methacrylate encapsulation and alumina coating by plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition (employing various temperatures) on the performance of these layers as thin film transistors (TFTs) is investigated. This coating combined with thermal annealing delivers ambipolar TFTs which show an I on /I off ratio in the range of 10 2 . We report fabrication of n-type, p-type or ambipolar Ge NP TFTs at maximum temperatures of 450 1C. For the first time, a circuit using two ambipolar TFTs is demonstrated to function as a NOT gate with an inverter gain of up to 4 which can be operated at room temperature in ambient air.

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Fabrication, charge carrier transport, and application of printable nanocomposites based on indium tin oxide nanoparticles and conducting polymer 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/polystyrene sulfonic acid

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Hole Transport Enhancing Effects of Polar Solvents on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) for Organic Solar Cells

Hole Transport Enhancing Effects of Polar Solvents on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) for Organic Solar Cells

Fabrication and characterization of WO3/Ag/WO3 multilayer transparent anode with solution-processed WO3 for polymer light-emitting diodes

Tunable conduction type of solution-processed germanium nanoparticle based field effect transistors and their inverter integration

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