Fabrication and plastic deformation of sub-micron cadmium structures

Breakdown of the Schmid law in homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation events of slip and twinning in magnesium

“…This work shows that the critical resolved shear stresses are sensitive to the size of the specimen, with the flow stresses approaching the ideal strength of the material as the specimen size is decreased (Yu et al, 2010;Lilleodden, 2010;Ye et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2011;Jin et al, 2012). This size effect seems to be insignificant for samples larger than % 5 mm (Byer et al, 2010).…”

Microstructure and mechanical properties of sub-micron zinc structures

“…33 This fabrication method has proved versatile in producing small-scale metallic structures for uniaxial compression tests. 10,18,19,26,[38][39][40][41] The advantage of this technique over the conventional FIB milling process is the elimination of tapered geometries and the significant impact of high energy Ga 1 exposure on the pillar microstructure. 30,31 Briefly, silicon (111) substrates coated with a 20-nm titanium adhesion layer and a 100-nm gold seed layer were first spin coated with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) electron beam lithography resist.…”

“…The same smaller-is-stronger effect has been observed in other crystalline systems, such as tetragonal, 18 rhombohedral, 19 and hexagonal close packed (HCP). [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Size-dependent mechanical behaviors in nanoscale metals are generally attributed to the competition between the rate of dislocations generated by applied stress and the rate of dislocation annihilation at free surfaces. [27][28][29] With decreasing sample size, the rate of dislocation annihilation during applied stress exceeds that of dislocation generation, thus yielding a crystal, which has a much lower dislocation density or is even completely absent of dislocations.…”