Fabrication and heating rate study of microscopic surface electrode ion traps

Daniilidis, Nikos; Narayanan, Suresh; Möller, Sönke; Clark, Robert; Lee, T E; Leek, Peter; Wallraff, Andreas; Schulz, Stefan E.; Schmidt‐Kaler, F.

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/13/1/013032

Cited by 102 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The data are also consistent with a d −4 scaling law (where d is the distance from the ion to the nearest electrode), as would be predicted for a random distribution of fluctuating charges or dipolar patch potentials on the surface (for Johnson noise, a d −2 scaling law would be expected) [52][53][54]. Theoretically, a correlation length associated with surface disorder has been shown to characterize electric field noise generated near the surface [53,55] and microscopic models have been developed based on fluctuations of the electric dipoles of adsorbed molecules [54,56]. However, the predictions of available noise models are not in agreement with recent measurements [57].…”

Section: Mitigating Motional Decoherencementioning

confidence: 99%

Technologies for trapped-ion quantum information systems

Eltony

Gangloff

Shi

et al. 2016

Quantum Inf Process

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Scaling up from prototype systems to dense arrays of ions on chip, or vast networks of ions connected by photonic channels, will require developing entirely new technologies that combine miniaturized ion trapping systems with devices to capture, transmit, and detect light, while refining how ions are confined and controlled. Building a cohesive ion system from such diverse parts involves many challenges, including navigating materials incompatibilities and undesired coupling between elements. Here, we review our recent efforts to create scalable ion systems incorporating unconventional materials such as graphene and indium tin oxide, integrating devices like optical fibers and mirrors, and exploring alternative ion loading and trapping techniques.

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Section: Mitigating Motional Decoherencementioning

confidence: 99%

Technologies for trapped-ion quantum information systems

Eltony

Gangloff

Shi

et al. 2016

Quantum Inf Process

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“…Electric field noise tends to increase close to surfaces, which limits the degree to which ion traps may be miniaturized (see, for example Refs. [10,11] and references therein). Electric field noise near surfaces is also a problem identified in proposals to manipulate Rydberg atoms near surfaces [12].…”

Section: Electric Fields Near Metal Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric-field sensing near the surface microstructure of an atom chip using cold Rydberg atoms

2012

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This thesis reports experimental observations of electric fields using Rydberg atoms, including dc field measurements near the surface of an atom chip, and demonstration of measurement techniques for ac fields far from the surface. Associated theoretical results are also presented, including Monte Carlo simulations of the decoherence of Rydberg states in electric field noise as well as an analytical calculation of the statistics of dc electric field inhomogeneity near polycrystalline metal surfaces.DC electric fields were measured near the heterogeneous metal and dielectric surface of an atom chip using optical spectroscopy on cold atoms released from the trapping potential. The fields were attributed to charges accumulating in the dielectric gaps between the wires on the chip surface. The field magnitude and direction depend on the details of the dc biasing of the chip wires, suggesting that fields may be minimized with appropriate biasing.Techniques to measure ac electric fields were demonstrated far from the chip surface, using the decay of a coherent superposition of two Rydberg states of cold atoms. We have used the decay of coherent Rabi oscillations to place some bounds on the magnitude and frequency dependence of ac field noise.The rate of decoherence of a superposition of two Rydberg states was calculated with Monte Carlo simulations. The states were assumed to have quadratic Stark shifts and the power spectrum of the electric field noise was assumed to have a power-law dependence of the form 1/f κ . The decay is exponential at long times for both free evolution of the superposition and and Hahn spin-echo sequences with a π refocusing pulse applied to eliminate the effects of low-frequency field noise. This decay time may be used to calculate the magnitude of the field noise if κ is known.The dc field inhomogeneity near polycrystalline metal surfaces due to patch potentials on the surface has been calculated, and the rms field scales with distance to the surface as 1/z 2 . For typical evaporated metal surfaces the magnitude of the rms field is comparable to the image field of an elementary charge near the surface.iii Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my supervisor, Dr. James Martin, for his hard work, dedication, and assistance through this project. I'd also like to thank Dr. Martin for reading the drafts of this thesis and making many helpful comments and suggestions.Thanks to Owen Cherry, my colleague during the initial phase of this project. Owen fabricated the atom chips described in this work and was involved in the assembly of the vacuum chamber and the MOT optics.

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“…Integrating single atoms with microscopic and nanoscopic objects is of particular interest due to the favorable properties of both systems. On one hand neutral atoms have excellent coherence properties and trapping them close to surfaces is less challenging than with ions [4]. On the other hand nanoscale structures promise strong interactions, scalability and potential applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards hybrid quantum systems: Trapping a single atom near a nanoscale solid-state structure

Tiecke

Thompson

Feist

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. We describe and demonstrate a method to deterministically trap single atoms near nanoscale solid-state objects. The trap is formed by the interference of an optical tweezer and its reflection from the nano object, creating a one-dimensional optical lattice where the first lattice site is at z 0 ∼ /4 from the surface. Using a tapered optical fiber as the nanoscopic object, we characterize the loading into different lattice sites by means of the AC-Stark shift induced by a guided fiber mode. We demonstrate a loading efficiency of 94(6)% into the first lattice site, and measure the cooperativity for the emission of the atom into the guided mode of the nanofiber. We show that by tailoring the dimensions of the nanofiber the distance of the trap to the surface can be adjusted. This method is applicable to a large variety of nanostructures and represents a promising starting point for interfacing single atoms with arbitrary nanoscale solid-state systems.

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Fabrication and heating rate study of microscopic surface electrode ion traps

Cited by 102 publications

References 59 publications

Technologies for trapped-ion quantum information systems

Technologies for trapped-ion quantum information systems

Electric-field sensing near the surface microstructure of an atom chip using cold Rydberg atoms

Towards hybrid quantum systems: Trapping a single atom near a nanoscale solid-state structure

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