Fabrication and characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) gels using non-solvent-induced phase separation

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) based microfiltration membranes: Tailoring the structure by the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process

“…This is due to a polar interaction between the chlorine and the carbonyl carbon, associated with a hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen on chloroform and the carbonyl oxygen. By using this solvent, PHA films with porous to dense structures could be obtained [40,41,[50][51][52][53][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. PHA based membranes intended either for pervaporation or water filtration, have also been reported.…”

Nanofibrous Foams of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Fabricated Using Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation

“…Nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) occurs when a homogeneous polymer solution is mixed with an appropriate nonsolvent due to a reduced polymer–solvent affinity. − This phase-separated polymer solution consists of a polymer-rich phase and a polymer-poor phase that interpenetrate each other. For a semicrystalline polymer, microcrystallites are formed in the polymer-rich phase, which can be junctions in a 3D network, resulting in a self-supporting gel. − ,, The polymer-rich phase forms the backbone of the gel that interpenetrates with the polymer-poor phase (mostly nonsolvent).…”

“…Nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) occurs when a homogeneous polymer solution is mixed with an appropriate nonsolvent due to a reduced polymer–solvent affinity. − This phase-separated polymer solution consists of a polymer-rich phase and a polymer-poor phase that interpenetrate each other. For a semicrystalline polymer, microcrystallites are formed in the polymer-rich phase, which can be junctions in a 3D network, resulting in a self-supporting gel. − ,, The polymer-rich phase forms the backbone of the gel that interpenetrates with the polymer-poor phase (mostly nonsolvent). Modifying the temperature of a polymer solution can also lead to liquid–liquid phase separation, which is called temperature-induced phase separation (TIPS). − Careful solvent removal of phase-separated organogels resulted in high-quality foams (also called aerogels) with high porosity.…”

Morphology Control and Metallization of Porous Polymers Synthesized by Michael Addition Reactions of a Multi-Functional Acrylamide with a Diamine

“…Various types of porous polymers have been prepared by polymerization-induced phase separation (vinyl type monomers [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], click type polymerizations such as epoxy-amine reaction [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], epoxy-thiol reaction [ 35 , 36 , 37 ], thiol-ene/yene [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], thiol-(meth) acrylate [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]) and temperature induced phase transfer [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , …”