Nanofibrous Foams of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Fabricated Using Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation

Choi, Jiwon; Kang, Jiseon; Yun, Seok Il

doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03061

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…NIPS has been intensively explored in the fabrication of membrane structures by immersing a preformed structure in a water bath or in the formation of porous fiber structures by deliberately incorporating a considerable amount of water in the polymer solution. [ 51–55 ] A key feature of our method is the ambient humidity‐based fabrication of porous P(VDF‐TrFE) fibers. According to the Flory–Huggins solution theory, [ 56,57 ] the Gibbs free energy of mixing, Δ G m for a polymer–solvent–nonsolvent ternary system under constant temperature ( T ) and pressure ( P ) can be calculated as follows

\begin{matrix} Δ G_{normalm} = Δ H_{normalm} - T Δ S_{normalm} \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} Δ G_{normalm} = R T (\begin{array}{l} N_{1} \ln φ_{1} + N_{2} \ln φ_{2} + N_{3} \ln φ_{3} + N_{1} φ_{2} g_{12} (u_{2}) \\ + N_{1} φ_{3} χ_{13} + N_{2} φ_{3} χ_{23} \end{array}) \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} χ_{13} = - \frac{\ln (1 - φ_{3}) + φ_{3}}{φ_{3}^{2}} \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} g_{12} (u_{2}) = α + \frac{β}{1 - γ u_{2}} \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} χ_{23} = V {(δ_{2} - δ_{3})}^{2} / R T<...> \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Humidity‐Induced Phase Separation for Fiber Morphology Engineering toward Piezoelectric Self‐Powered Sensing

Lee

Kim

Lee

et al. 2022

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Electrospun polymeric piezoelectric fibers have a considerable potential for shape‐adaptive mechanical energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing in biomedical, wearable, and industrial applications. However, their unsatisfactory piezoelectric performance remains an issue to be overcome. While strategies for increasing the crystallinity of electroactive β phases have thus far been the major focus in realizing enhanced piezoelectric performance, tailoring the fiber morphology can also be a promising alternative. Herein, a design strategy that combines the nonsolvent‐induced phase separation of a polymer/solvent/water ternary system and electrospinning for fabricating piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE) fibers with surface porosity under ambient humidity is presented. Notably, electrospun P(VDF‐TrFE) fibers with higher surface porosity outperform their smooth‐surfaced counterparts with a higher β phase content in terms of output voltage and power generation. Theoretical and numerical studies also underpin the contribution of the structural porosity to the harvesting performance, which is attributable to local stress concentration and reduced dielectric constant due to the air in the pores. This porous fiber design can broaden the application prospects of shape‐adaptive energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing based on piezoelectric polymer fibers with enhanced voltage and power performance, as successfully demonstrated in this work by developing a communication system based on self‐powered motion sensing.

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\begin{matrix} Δ G_{normalm} = Δ H_{normalm} - T Δ S_{normalm} \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} Δ G_{normalm} = R T (\begin{array}{l} N_{1} \ln φ_{1} + N_{2} \ln φ_{2} + N_{3} \ln φ_{3} + N_{1} φ_{2} g_{12} (u_{2}) \\ + N_{1} φ_{3} χ_{13} + N_{2} φ_{3} χ_{23} \end{array}) \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} χ_{13} = - \frac{\ln (1 - φ_{3}) + φ_{3}}{φ_{3}^{2}} \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} g_{12} (u_{2}) = α + \frac{β}{1 - γ u_{2}} \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} χ_{23} = V {(δ_{2} - δ_{3})}^{2} / R T<...> \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Humidity‐Induced Phase Separation for Fiber Morphology Engineering toward Piezoelectric Self‐Powered Sensing

Lee

Kim

Lee

et al. 2022

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“…PHB/CNCs nanocomposite foams with 2, 3 and 5 wt% CNCs, obtained via the sulfuric acid hydrolysis of pulp fibers, were prepared using a nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method [ 106 ]. Chloroform was used as solvent while tetrahydrofuran (THF) or 1,4-dioxane (Diox) was used as nonsolvents.…”

Section: Phb Nanocomposites With Cellulose Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chloroform was used as solvent while tetrahydrofuran (THF) or 1,4-dioxane (Diox) was used as nonsolvents. In the NIPS process, the addition of a nonsolvent reduced the polymer−solvent affinity leading to a phase-separated polymer solution with one phase rich in polymer, representing the backbone of the gel, which was penetrated by the polymer-poor phase (in the nonsolvent) [ 106 ]. When THF was used as nonsolvent, CNCs accelerated both the PHB crystallization and the nanocomposites gelation, showing a nucleating effect.…”

Section: Phb Nanocomposites With Cellulose Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was due to the better dispersion of the CNCs in Diox than in THF, preventing the movement of the PHB chains and delaying the crystals’ growth. However, no significant differences between the degrees of crystallinity of the PHB/CNCs nanocomposites obtained using THF or Diox as nonsolvents were observed [ 106 ].…”

Section: Phb Nanocomposites With Cellulose Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the mismatch between the PHB hydrophobicity and the strong hydrophilicity of CNCs prevents the good dispersion of CNCs in the polymer matrix and reduces the efficiency of the load transfer at the polymer–fiber interface. As a result, the addition of CNCs in PHB did not always lead to a strong improvement in strength and stiffness [ 90 , 106 , 107 ].…”

Section: Influence Of Cncs On the Properties Of Phb/cncs Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Nanocomposites with Cellulose Nanocrystals

et al. 2022

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Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is one of the most promising substitutes for the petroleum-based polymers used in the packaging and biomedical fields due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, good stiffness, and strength, along with its good gas-barrier properties. One route to overcome some of the PHB’s weaknesses, such as its slow crystallization, brittleness, modest thermal stability, and low melt strength is the addition of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and the production of PHB/CNCs nanocomposites. Choosing the adequate processing technology for the fabrication of the PHB/CNCs nanocomposites and a suitable surface treatment for the CNCs are key factors in obtaining a good interfacial adhesion, superior thermal stability, and mechanical performances for the resulting nanocomposites. The information provided in this review related to the preparation routes, thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of the PHB/CNCs nanocomposites may represent a starting point in finding new strategies to reduce the manufacturing costs or to design better technological solutions for the production of these materials at industrial scale. It is outlined in this review that the use of low-value biomass resources in the obtaining of both PHB and CNCs might be a safe track for a circular and bio-based economy. Undoubtedly, the PHB/CNCs nanocomposites will be an important part of a greener future in terms of successful replacement of the conventional plastic materials in many engineering and biomedical applications.

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Chitosan-reinforced PHB hydrogel and aerogel monoliths fabricated by phase separation with the solvent-exchange method

Kang

Yun

2022

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Nanofibrous Foams of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Fabricated Using Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation

Cited by 7 publications

References 57 publications

Ambient Humidity‐Induced Phase Separation for Fiber Morphology Engineering toward Piezoelectric Self‐Powered Sensing

Ambient Humidity‐Induced Phase Separation for Fiber Morphology Engineering toward Piezoelectric Self‐Powered Sensing

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Nanocomposites with Cellulose Nanocrystals

Chitosan-reinforced PHB hydrogel and aerogel monoliths fabricated by phase separation with the solvent-exchange method

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