Fabrication and Characterization of Nickel Ferrite Based Inert Anodes for Aluminum Electrolysis

Zarrabian, P.; Kalantar, M.; Ghasemi, Somayeh

doi:10.1007/s11665-014-0914-y

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Compared with metal alloy and ceramic anode, cermet inert anode has been evaluated as the most relevant substitute for consumable carbon anode in aluminum electrolysis, because it possesses both desirable properties of metal and ceramic. In particular, NiFe 2 O 4 ‐based cermet has been evaluated as ideal candidates for inert anode because of its good electrical conductivity and mechanical robustness as well as high oxidation resistance at high temperature and corrosion resistance against fluoride melts 2,6,10–13 . However, to date, the NiFe 2 O 4 ‐based cermet has not been long‐term viable in industrial aluminum electrolysis due to its insufficient corrosion–dissolution resistance in the traditional electrolytic bath, caused by the preferential corrosion of metal phase in molten salt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering kinetics and properties of NiFe₂O₄‐based ceramics inert anodes doped with TiN nanoparticles

Zhang

2022

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Sintering kinetics of NiFe 2 O 4 -based ceramics inert anodes for aluminum electrolysis doped 7 wt% TiN nanoparticles were conducted to investigate densification and grain growth behaviors. The linear shrinkage increased gradually with the increasing sintering temperature between 1000 and 1450 • C, whereas the linear shrinkage rate exhibited a broad peak. The maximum linear shrinkage rate was obtained at 1189.4 • C, and the highest densification rate was achieved at the relative density of 75.20%. Based on the pressureless sintering kinetics window, the sintering process was divided into the initial stage, the intermediate stage, and the final stage. The grain growth exponent reduced with increased sintering temperature, whereas the grain growth activation energy decreased by increasing sintering temperature and shortening dwelling time. The grain growth was mainly controlled by atomic diffusion. NiFe 2 O 4 -based ceramics possessed hightemperature semiconductor essential characteristics. The electrical conductivity of NiFe 2 O 4 -based ceramics first increased and then decreased with increasing sintering temperature, reached their maximum value (960 • C) of 33.45 S/cm under 1300 • C, mainly attributed to the relatively dense and uniform microstructure. The thermal shock resistance of NiFe 2 O 4 -based ceramic was improved by a stronger grain boundary bonding strength and lower coefficient of linear thermal expansion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering kinetics and properties of NiFe₂O₄‐based ceramics inert anodes doped with TiN nanoparticles

Zhang

2022

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…Regularly, in order to synthesize the NiFe 2 O 4 powder through solid-state technique, iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) and nickel oxide (NiO) is expected to consume as the raw materials [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. In this research, in order to ascend the chemical reaction of particles and therefore achieving reasonable results, it is supposed to use FeSO for further investigation on this issue [3,[19][20][21]. Therefore, the present work principally concentrates on the effect of additive BaCO 3 as a possible modifier of structure [22] on the mechanical properties of 5Ni/10NiO.90NiFe 2 O 4 cermet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the effect of BaCO₃on the physical and mechanical properties of 5Ni/10N iO.NiFe₂O₄cermet

Irani

Rezaie

Naghizadeh

2020

Funct. Compos. Struct.

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In this research, the effect of additive BaCO 3 with different volume fraction on the mechanical and physical properties of 5Ni/10NiO.NiFe 2 O 4 cermet including bending strength, micro-hardness, and microstructural evolution was studied. The samples were fabricated by using FeSO 4 .6H 2 O and NiSO 4 .6H 2 O as the starting materials. The manufacturing process of the samples was implemented via jar milling, cold isostatic pressing, and sintering in a tube furnace at 1300 • C for 5 h under vacuum atmosphere. Outstanding results have been achieved on physical properties including the smaller grain size and higher density by increasing the additive BaCO 3 fraction. The bending strength was increased from ~61 MPa to ~91 MPa; nevertheless overall Vickers' hardness decreased by the addition of BaCO 3 .

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“…• Ceramics [6] [7], for their excellent oxidation resistance, but are generally brittle and have a low conductivity incompatible with an electrolysis process (eg: spinel Ni x Fe 3−x O 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Degradation Mechanism of a Cermet Anode for Aluminum Production

Meyer¹,

Massot²,

Gibilaro³

et al. 2019

MSA

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Tests on (Ni x Fe y O 4-Ni 1−x Fe x O)/(Cu x Ni y Fe z) cermets, considered as promising anode for the aluminium production, were performed under electrolysis at 0.8 A•cm −2 in molten mixture of cryolite at 960˚C. In order to predict phase compositions, a thermodynamic study was performed and experimentally verified by SEM-EDS analysis. The metallic phase oxidation leads to the formation of different phases such as FeF 2 , Ni 0.90 Fe 0.10 O, NiF 2 and Cu 2 O phases, while Ni x Fe 3−x O 4 spinel is continuously enriched up to x = 0.90, the thermodynamically stable nickel composition. When the cermet material is fully oxidized, metallic and oxide phases are converted into soluble or non-conductive phases, leading to the end of anode service life.

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Fabrication and Characterization of Nickel Ferrite Based Inert Anodes for Aluminum Electrolysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Sintering kinetics and properties of NiFe₂O₄‐based ceramics inert anodes doped with TiN nanoparticles

Sintering kinetics and properties of NiFe₂O₄‐based ceramics inert anodes doped with TiN nanoparticles

Investigation on the effect of BaCO₃on the physical and mechanical properties of 5Ni/10N iO.NiFe₂O₄cermet

Electrochemical Degradation Mechanism of a Cermet Anode for Aluminum Production

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Fabrication and Characterization of Nickel Ferrite Based Inert Anodes for Aluminum Electrolysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Sintering kinetics and properties of NiFe2O4‐based ceramics inert anodes doped with TiN nanoparticles

Sintering kinetics and properties of NiFe2O4‐based ceramics inert anodes doped with TiN nanoparticles

Investigation on the effect of BaCO3on the physical and mechanical properties of 5Ni/10N iO.NiFe2O4cermet

Electrochemical Degradation Mechanism of a Cermet Anode for Aluminum Production

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Sintering kinetics and properties of NiFe₂O₄‐based ceramics inert anodes doped with TiN nanoparticles

Sintering kinetics and properties of NiFe₂O₄‐based ceramics inert anodes doped with TiN nanoparticles

Investigation on the effect of BaCO₃on the physical and mechanical properties of 5Ni/10N iO.NiFe₂O₄cermet