Fabrication and characterization of nanoclay-reinforced thermoplastic composite films

Abstract

A number of nanoclay/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composite films were prepared with three different clay concentrations (0.5 %, 1 % and 2 % (w/%)) via a solution-casting process. The nanoclay was modified by applying different compatibilization techniques: mere silane surface treatment and surfactant application with the addition of a silane agent. The interlayer distances of the clay galleries were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the modifications were verified with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA) were performed to clarify the viscoelastic properties of the produced films. Morphological characterizations were carried out with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The neat clay/PMMA composites and pure PMMA film were also used to compare the effects of the compatibilization methods. The silane-modified clay/PMMA composites exhibited the best performance, as compared to neat PMMA, by considering the storage modulus (17.7 % increase) and the glass-transition temperature (20 % increase). However, in terms of the dynamic mechanical properties, the joint implementation of these two modification techniques did not satisfy the expectations, probably due to the excess modifier and the plasticizing effect.Avtorji so s tako imenovanim raztopno-ulivnim procesom pripravili {tevilne kompozitne filme (tanke prevleke) na osnovi nanogline/polimetil metakrilata (PMMA) s tremi razli~nimi koncentracijami gline (0,5, 1 in 2 masnih dele`ev). Nanoglino so modificirali z razli~nimi kompatibilizacijskimi tehnikami: s povr{insko obdelavo s silanom (SiH4) ter z aplikacijo povr{insko aktivne snovi z dodatkom za tvorbo silana. Razdalje med galerijami plasti gline so dolo~ili z rentgensko difrakcijo (XRD) in modifikacije so verificirali z infrarde~o spektroskopijo s Fourierjevo transformacijo (FTIR). Dinami~ne mehanske analize (DMA) so izvedli, da bi razjasnili viskoelasti~ne lastnosti izdelanih filmov. Morfolo{ke lastnosti filmov pa so okarakterizirali z vrsti~nim elektronskim mikroskopom (SEM). Med seboj so primerjali izdelane kompozite glina/PMMA in~isti PMMA ter s tem ugotavljali u~inkovitost kompatibilizacijskih metod. S silanom modificirani kompoziti glina/PMMA ka`ejo bolj{e lastnosti v primerjavi s~istim PMMA; meritev modula shranjene energije je pokazala 17,7 % izbolj{anje in temperatura prehoda v steklasto stanje se je povi{ala za 20 %. Vendar pa implementacija obeh tehnik modifikacije z vidika dinami~nih lastnosti ni izpolnila pri~akovanj, verjetno zaradi prebitka modifikatorja in u~inka plastificiranja.

Cotton waste and nanoclay‐based phenolic novolac epoxy composites and evaluation of their properties

“…MMT is used in both types of polymer matrix as thermoplastic and thermoset. It is known from the literature that its composites with polymers such as PP, 8 PMMA, 9 PU, 10 PLA, 11 and so forth as a thermoplastic matrix are obtained.…”