Fabrication and characterization of fabric-reinforced pressure retarded osmosis membranes for osmotic power harvesting

She, Qianhong; Wei, Jing; Ma, Ning; Sim, Victor Siang Tze; Fane, Anthony G.; Wang, Rong; Tang, Chuyang Y.

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2016.01.004

Cited by 55 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…As is known to all, more stable structure of the membranes under pressure is the guarantee of the flux stability 46. Therefore, the pure water fluxes of each compacting time interval of the substrates had also been investigated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasible Preparation of a Thin‐Film Composite Nanofiltration (TFC NF) Membrane with Enhanced Skin–Substrate Adhesion and Compaction Resistance: In Situ Construction of Rigid–Flexible Polymer Composited Microspheres (CPs) in the Casting Solution

Lian

Xie

Shi

et al. 2020

Macro Materials & Eng

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Novel microspheres (CPs) composited by rigid and flexible polymers are synthesized and embedded in the supporting membranes to enhance both the skin–substrate adhesion and compaction resistance of the thin‐film composite (TFC) nanofiltration membranes. The CPs are in situ formed in the casting solution after the rigid poly(p‐phenylene terephthamide) (PPTA) is produced in the flexible poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) solution. Then the PPTA/PMIA in situ blending membranes are prepared by using the NIPs method, and the TFC NF membranes are fabricated via interfacial polymerization on them. The CPs are characterized via polarizing microscopy and TEM. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the blended membranes are characterized by using FESEM, AFM, FTIR, and WCA, respectively. As the results show, the supporting membrane with higher PPTA content exhibits higher permeability, thermal stability, and compaction resistance. Moreover, the adhesion strength between the TFC functional layer and the supporting membrane is improved significantly. It is proposed that this improvement can be attributed to the CPs that are exposed on the top surface of the supporting membrane, which leads to a great enhancement because of the anchoring effect between the functional layer and the CPs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasible Preparation of a Thin‐Film Composite Nanofiltration (TFC NF) Membrane with Enhanced Skin–Substrate Adhesion and Compaction Resistance: In Situ Construction of Rigid–Flexible Polymer Composited Microspheres (CPs) in the Casting Solution

Lian

Xie

Shi

et al. 2020

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…To control or reduce membrane fouling, appropriate methods must be applied based on the type of the foulants. Physical cleaning of the surface such as flushing and membrane backwashing can control the fouling in PRO [105,106]. Chemical cleaning is another method that can be applied choosing suitable cleaning agent and considering the pH, temperature, flow rate and cleaning time [107,108].…”

Section: Membrane Fouling and Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and simulation of the dual stage pressure retarded osmosis systems

Soltani

Struchtrup

2019

Desalination

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Utilization of renewable energy sources, as an approach to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, have been globally popular in the last few decades. Among renewable energy sources, pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) has been scrutinized by scientists since the mid 70's. However, even today, the existing river-sea PRO systems can only marginally meet the generally approved criterion of 5 W/m 2 power density, a threshold for an economically feasible PRO system. As an approach to increase the performance of PRO systems, multi-staging of PRO modules are investigated. A mathematical model of the scaled up PRO process is proposed with consideration for internal and external concentration polarization, reverse salt flux, and spatial variations along the membrane. A thermodynamic model is also developed with consideration for entropy generation and losses in the process. It predicts the percentile of each work loss source compared to the net work in the system. Several configurations of dual stage PRO system are presented and compared to single stage PRO. The comparison is based on three proposed target functions of power density (PD), specific energy (SE), and work per drawn freshwater (W drawn). Applied hydraulic pressures and flow rates of draw and feed solutions are optimized for maximizing the target functions. The results indicate that overall performance of the system could be improved by up to 8 % with a dual stage PRO in the case of SE. The system iv performance is not improved by depressurizing the draw solution before the second module in cases of SE and W drawn. The thermodynamic analysis demonstrate the contribution of each work loss and justify the reason of diminishing the net work over the losses. The effect of membrane area and membrane characteristics on the SE target function is also investigated. The distribution of membrane area in each module depends on the selected configuration and inlet draw solution. In the dual stage systems, the SE value increases up to 14% by improving the membrane characteristics. Reducing the salt rejection coefficient (B) is the most effective membrane characteristic in our configurations. Replacing seawater with RO brine in draw solution results in a significant improvement in SE values.

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“…However simple ones are directly obtained from (6) (6) (Straub, et al, 2016;Zhang, and Chung, 2013). To cope with these economic operating constraints, extension of simple osmotic barrier effect have been recently considered (Chou, et al, 2013;Chou, et al, 2012;Yip, et al, 2010;Banchik, et al, 2014;Mc Cutcheon, and Elimelech, 2007;Cath, et al, 2013;Chen, et al, 2016;She , , et al, 2016 ;Chou, et al, 2013;Hickenbottom, et al, 2016;Dechadilok, and Deen, 2006).…”

Section: Osmotic Power Plant Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%