Fabrication and characterization of electrospun nanofibers composed of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and polycaprolactone for meniscus tissue engineering

Abstract

Decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were electrospun into nanofibers to make meniscus scaffolds with good mechanical properties.

Hybrid cardiovascular sourced extracellular matrix scaffolds as possible platforms for vascular tissue engineering

“…These peaks were noted at 1720, 1654, and 1,541 cm −1 , and have assignments with the carbonyl group in PCL, and the amide I and amide II groups found in ECM (Camacho et al, ; Elzein et al, ). The changes in absorbance found at these peaks due to the addition of the two ECMs were quantified, as shown in Tables and , and were found to be in line with what we would expect from literature (Gao et al, ).…”

“…In this study, we have combined the two in an attempt to harness the beneficial characteristics from each to create a bioscaffold more suited for vascular tissue engineering. Recently, work has focused on combining the two to take advantage of these characteristics, in a similar vein to this study (Gao et al, ; Hong et al, ; Jahnavi et al, ; Jiang et al, ; Wu et al, ). For example, coating vascular ECM with polymers has been implemented before, with the aim of improving biochemical and mechanical performance (Jahnavi et al, ; Wu et al, ).…”

“…Physical characteristics can be designed into the scaffold to support cellular activity and promote differentiation, proliferation, and deposition of new functional ECM (O'Brien, ). In this study, we have used PCL as the polymer component as it is commonly used in tissue engineering due to its physical and chemical properties, especially in electrospinning where it has been used in a variety of tissue engineering applications (Burton et al, ; Dunphy, Reid, Burton, et al, ; Gao et al, ; Grant et al, ; Sundaramurthi et al, ). Alongside polymers, decellularized tissue has been used in tissue engineering due to its cell‐supporting physical and chemical characteristics (Lu et al, ; Tapias & Ott, ).…”

“…Materials used in vascular tissue engineering include decellularized extracellular matrices, biopolymers, bioabsorbable polymers, and collagen (Gilbert, Sellaro, & Badylak, ; Hong et al, ; Hutmacher, ; Jiang et al, ; Lu, Lin, Kim, et al, ; Masoumi et al, ; Reid & Callanan, ; Wu, Liu, Cui, Qu, & Chen, ). Electrospinning is a widely used technique that mimics the nanoscale and microscale structure of tissues and has been utilized in a large number of tissue engineering avenues for various organs (Burton & Callanan, ; Burton, Corcoran, & Callanan, ; Dettin et al, ; Gao et al, ; Garrigues, Little, Sanches‐Adams, et al, ; Grant, Hay, & Callanan, ; Han, Gerstenhaber, Lazarovici, & Lelkes, ; Hong et al, ; Kumbar, Nukavarapu, James, Nair, & Laurencin, ; Masoumi et al, ; Sundaramurthi, Krishnan, & Sethuraman, ). Furthermore, while polymers can control architecture, they lack some of the unique biomolecular cues found in native tissue, which is why, in recent years, there has been an increase in demand for decellularized ECM (Kasimir et al, ; Sanchez, Fernandez‐Santos, Costanza, et al, ; Tapias & Ott, ; Weymann, Patil, Sabashnikov, et al, ).…”

Decellularized extracellular matrices for tissue engineering applications

“…The tensile moduli of the aligned scaffold matched that of human meniscus. Rabbit meniscus fibrochondrocytes were able to attach and proliferate on these scaffolds and showed a linear increase in the gene expression of chondrogenic markers with increasing concentrations of DECM in the scaffolds [55].…”