Eyes on the Pacific: Cancer Issues of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in Hawai`i and the US-Associated Pacific

Tsark, JoAnn U.; Braun, Kathryn L.

doi:10.1080/08858190903404619

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The infant mortality rate is twice as high for Native Hawaiian mothers compared to whites and 43.9% of the cause of this infant mortality is PTB related (Hirai et al, 2013). Contributing to the lack of progress in Hawai'i is the lack of ethnic disaggregation, masking valuable information (Park et al, 2009;Tsark and Braun, 2009) as many established health disparities, including PTB, differentially affect ethnic groups within this population pool (Braun et al, 1996). In addition, we have no data on specific incidence of pPROM, versus other etiologies of PTB, although it is frequently seen in the clinic.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Danger Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Fetal Membrane Weakening

2020

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The idea that cellular stress (including that precipitated by stretch), plays a significant role in the mechanisms initiating parturition, has gained considerable traction over the last decade. One key consequence of this cellular stress is the increased production of Danger Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs). This diverse family of molecules are known to initiate inflammation through their interaction with Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) including, Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs are the key innate immune system surveillance receptors that detect Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) during bacterial and viral infection. This is also seen during Chorioamnionitis. The activation of TLR commonly results in the activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-kB) and the downstream production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is thought that in the human fetal membranes both DAMPs and PAMPs are able, perhaps via their interaction with PRRs and the induction of their downstream inflammatory cascades, to lead to both tissue remodeling and weakening. Due to the high incidence of infection-driven Pre-Term Birth (PTB), including those that have preterm Premature Rupture of the Membranes (pPROM), the role of TLR in fetal membranes with Chorioamnionitis has been the subject of considerable study. Most of the work in this field has focused on the effect of PAMPs on whole pieces of fetal membrane and the resultant inflammatory cascade. This is important to understand, in order to develop novel prevention, detection, and therapeutic approaches, which aim to reduce the high number of mothers suffering from infection driven PTB, including those with pPROM. Studying the role of sterile inflammation driven by these endogenous ligands (DAMPs) activating PRRs system in the mesenchymal and epithelial cells in the amnion is important. These cells are key for the maintenance of the integrity and strength of the human fetal membranes. This review aims to (1) summarize the knowledge to date pertinent to the role of DAMPs and PRRs in fetal membrane weakening and (2) discuss the clinical potential brought by a better understanding of these pathways by pathway manipulation strategies.

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The Role of Danger Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Fetal Membrane Weakening

2020

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“…The Republic of the Marshall Islands is a grouping of atolls that is part of the U.S. Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI; Tsark & Braun, 2009). We have focused on the Marshallese, a population that is rapidly growing in continental United States, with the majority residing in Arkansas (Arkansas Department of Education Data Center, 2016;McElfish et al, 2015;United States Census Bureau, 2010a, 2010b.…”

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“It’s Okay With Our Culture but We’re in a Different Place and We Have to Show Respect”: Marshallese Migrants and Exclusive Breastfeeding Initiation

et al. 2022

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Background: Pacific Islanders in the United States have lower initiation rates and shorter duration of exclusive breastfeeding compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Research Aim: To describe infant feeding beliefs and experiences of Marshallese living in the United States. Methods: We used a prospective and cross-sectional exploratory, descriptive qualitative design with Marshallese participants ( N = 36) residing in the United States between July 2019 and July 2020. Data were collected at 6–8 weeks postpartum. Our qualitative analytic approach integrated inductive and deductive techniques. Results: Participants’ mean age was 27.1 years ( SD = 6.1), and 88.9% ( n = 32) were born in the Marshall Islands. A majority of participants were single, widowed, or in an unmarried partnership ( n = 28, 77.8%). Most participants had a high school education or lower ( n = 30, 83.3%). Mean household size was 7.2 ( SD = 2.8). Fewer than half of participants had no health insurance ( n = 14, 38.9%), and almost all participants (91.7%) did not work at the time of data collection. Two themes emerged: 1) infant feeding initiation and practices; and 2) concerns over breastfeeding in public. The majority of participants’ infants received both human milk and formula. Participants described beliefs that breastfeeding in public was against American customs, which influenced their decision about breastfeeding in public. Conclusions: Our study was the first to document infant feeding beliefs and experiences of Marshallese living in the United States at 6–8 weeks postpartum. Findings will inform future health education programs.

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Characterizing disparities in receipt of palliative care for Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders with metastatic cancer in the United States

Kohli,

Jain

et al. 2024

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Eyes on the Pacific: Cancer Issues of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in Hawai`i and the US-Associated Pacific

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

The Role of Danger Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Fetal Membrane Weakening

The Role of Danger Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Fetal Membrane Weakening

“It’s Okay With Our Culture but We’re in a Different Place and We Have to Show Respect”: Marshallese Migrants and Exclusive Breastfeeding Initiation

Characterizing disparities in receipt of palliative care for Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders with metastatic cancer in the United States

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