Eye Size in Threshold Retinopathy of Prematurity, Based on a Danish Preterm Infant Series: Early Axial Eye Growth, Pre- and Postnatal Aspects

Fledelius, Hans C.; Fledelius, Christian

doi:10.1167/iovs.12-9516

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The myopia following anti-VEGF monotherapy for ROP in the eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab in the BEAT-ROP trial was similar to the myopia of spontaneously regressed ROP 19,20 seen in the untreated eyes in the ETROP trial. It has been well established that the myopia of prematurity, both with and without ROP, 8,9,[28][29][30] is nonaxial, consisting of (1) steepening of the cornea, (2) decreased anterior chamber depth, and (3) increased lenticular thickness. It is thought that these anterior segment changes are the result of an arrested state of development following premature birth, which is caused by many factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive Outcomes Following Bevacizumab Monotherapy Compared With Conventional Laser Treatment

et al. 2014

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for the BEAT-ROP Cooperative Group IMPORTANCE Children born prematurely who develop retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) often develop myopia, and those who require laser treatment may develop very high myopia, which has considerable clinical consequences.OBJECTIVE To report refractive outcomes in preterm infants who developed ROP in zone I or zone II posterior as stage 3+ ROP or aggressive posterior ROP (APROP). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSAll infants received intravitreal bevacizumab or laser therapy in a prospective, stratified, randomized, controlled, masked, multicenter clinical trial, Bevacizumab Eliminates the Angiogenic Threat for ROP (BEAT-ROP). Children who received intravitreal bevacizumab or laser in the BEAT-ROP clinical trial, with treatment randomized by infant, underwent cycloplegic retinoscopic refraction at a mean age of 2½ years. Fifteen centers with both pediatric and vitreoretinal ophthalmologists participating in level 3 neonatal intensive care units in academic centers with institutional review board approval were included in the trial. Of the originally enrolled 150 infants (300 eyes) in the BEAT-ROP clinical trial, 13 infants (26 eyes) died (6 received intravitreal bevacizumab; 7 received laser) and 19 eyes had intraocular surgery (6 infants bilaterally). Thus, 45 eyes (19 infants bilaterally) were excluded, leaving 131 infants (255 eyes, including 21 eyes that received a successful second treatment for recurrence).INTERVENTIONS Follow-up of the BEAT-ROP cohort. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Spherical equivalent refractive outcomes and their distribution by ROP zone and treatment.RESULTS Refractions were available for 109 of 131 eligible infants (83.2%) and 211 of 255 eyes (82.7%). Mean (SD) spherical equivalent refractions were as follows: zone I, −1.51 (3.42) diopters (D) in 52 eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab and −8.44 (7.57) D in 35 eyes that received laser treatment (P < .001); and zone II posterior, −0.58 (2.53) D in 58 eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab and −5.83 (5.87) D in 66 eyes that received laser treatment (P < .001). Very high myopia (Ն−8.00 D) occurred in zone I in 2 of 52 (3.8%) eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab and in 18 of 35 (51.4%) eyes that received laser treatment (P < .001). Very high myopia occurred in zone II posterior in 1 of 58 (1.7%) eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab and in 24 of 66 (36.4%) eyes that received laser treatment (P < .001).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE More very high myopia was found in eyes that received laser treatment than in eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab. This difference is possibly related to anterior segment development that is present with intravitreal bevacizumab but minimal or absent following laser treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00622726

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive Outcomes Following Bevacizumab Monotherapy Compared With Conventional Laser Treatment

et al. 2014

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“…26 Compared to term-born, control infants, steeper corneal curvature, shorter anterior chamber depth, and thicker crystalline lens have been reported in infants with severe ROP who receive panretinal laser treatment. 19,20,[27][28][29][30] This suggests that severe retinopathy and/or its treatment may result in arrested anterior segment development. During the rapid eye growth at the early age, all these abnormal biometric parameters may come together and result in significant myopia progression in the severe ROP group.…”

Section: Refractive Error Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Refractive Error in Individual Children With Regressed Retinopathy of Prematurity

Wang

Ren

Shen

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Prematurely born children are disadvantaged in terms of perinatal mortality and long-term growth (3)(4)(5) , and they have low birth weight and shorter eyes as compared with full-term children (6,7) . …”

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The relationship of birth weight, gestational age, and postmenstrual age with ocular biometry parameters in premature infants

Özdemir¹,

Tunay²,

Acar³

et al. 2015

Arquivos Brasileiros De Oftalmologia

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Preterm birth is a significant public health concern, as it is associated with a high risk of infant mortality, various morbidities in both the neonatal period and later age, and significant socio-economic difficulties (1,2) . Prematurely born children are disadvantaged in terms of perinatal mortality and long-term growth (3)(4)(5) , and they have low birth weight and shorter eyes as compared with full-term children (6,7) . ABSTRACTPurpose: To analyze ocular biometry parameters and evaluate their relationship with gestational age, birth weight, and postmenstrual age in prematurely born infants. Methods:The right eyes of 361 premature infants born before the 36th gestational week were evaluated. Birth weight, gestational week, and gender were recorded. An A-scan Biometer was used for obtaining axial measurements, including anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous length, and total axial length. Results: Gestational age and birth weight values ranged from 23 to 36 weeks and from 560 to 2,670 g, respectively. The mean gestational age and birth weight were 30.8 ± 2.8 weeks and 1,497.9 ± 483.6 g, respectively. During the first examination (4-5 weeks of postnatal age), birth weight and gestational age of the infants correlated significantly and positively with lens thickness, vitreous length, and axial length (r>0.5, p<0.001), but not with anterior chamber depth (r<0.5). Increased vitreous and axial lengths correlated significantly with increasing postmenstrual age of the infants (r=0.669, p<0.001; r=0.845, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Lens thickness, vitreous length, and axial length, but not anterior chamber depth, were significantly correlated with birth weight and gestational age. All four parameters increased with increasing postmenstrual age, with higher correlations for vitreous and axial lengths than for anterior chamber depth and lens thickness. It was concluded that axial elongation resulted primarily from increasing posterior chamber length. At present, ultrasound and optical biometry (partial coherence laser interferometry) are used to measure intraocular distances. Ho wever, eye measurements in newborns are only possible using ul tra sonic methods. Ultrasound biometry, commonly referred to as A-scan and B-scan, is utilized for diagnostic testing and biometric mea surements (8) . A-scan ultrasonography provides a one-dimensional measurement of length in the axial plane. Additionally, it facilitates the monitoring The relationship of birth weight, gestational age, and postmenstrual age with ocular biometry parameters in premature infants A relação entre o peso ao nascer, idade gestacional e idade pós-menstrual com a biometria ocular em bebês prematuros Keywords

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Eye Size in Threshold Retinopathy of Prematurity, Based on a Danish Preterm Infant Series: Early Axial Eye Growth, Pre- and Postnatal Aspects

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

Refractive Outcomes Following Bevacizumab Monotherapy Compared With Conventional Laser Treatment

Refractive Outcomes Following Bevacizumab Monotherapy Compared With Conventional Laser Treatment

Development of Refractive Error in Individual Children With Regressed Retinopathy of Prematurity

The relationship of birth weight, gestational age, and postmenstrual age with ocular biometry parameters in premature infants

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