Eye‐movement characteristics of schizophrenia and their association with cortical thickness

Morita, Kentaro; Miura, Kenichiro; Fujimoto, Michiko; Yamamori, Hidenaga; Yasuda, Yuka; Kudo, Noriko; Azechi, Hirotsugu; Okada, Naohiro; Koshiyama, Daisuke; Shiino, Tomoko; Fukunaga, Masaki; Watanabe, Yoshiyuki; Ikeda, Manabu; Kasai, Kiyoto; Hashimoto, Ryota

doi:10.1111/pcn.12865

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The fusiform gyrus is large region in the inferior temporal cortex that also has a functional role in visual information processing (53), including object and face recognition, and the recognition of facial expressions (Figure 4). Indeed, despite these unexpected associations, results are consistent with Morita et al (54) findings of associated eye movement impairments with gray matter cortical thickness in schizophrenia patients in the middle frontal and fusiform gyri and the lateral occipital cortex. Although speculative, patients with schizophrenia may show abnormal excessive simultaneous activation of various perceptionrelated brain regions, which may ultimately contribute to clinical symptoms such as hallucinations, aberrant salience, and delusions.…”

Section: Network Centered At the Visual Cortexsupporting

confidence: 91%

Neurophysiologic Characterization of Resting State Connectivity Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Patients

et al. 2020

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Background: Patients with schizophrenia show abnormal spontaneous oscillatory activity in scalp-level electroencephalographic (EEG) responses across multiple frequency bands. While oscillations play an essential role in the transmission of information across neural networks, few studies have assessed the frequency-specific dynamics across cortical source networks at rest. Identification of the neural sources and their dynamic interactions may improve our understanding of core pathophysiologic abnormalities associated with the neuropsychiatric disorders.Methods: A novel multivector autoregressive modeling approach for assessing effective connectivity among cortical sources was developed and applied to resting-state EEG recordings obtained from n = 139 schizophrenia patients and n = 126 healthy comparison subjects.Results: Two primary abnormalities in resting-state networks were detected in schizophrenia patients. The first network involved the middle frontal and fusiform gyri and a region near the calcarine sulcus. The second network involved the cingulate gyrus and the Rolandic operculum (a region that includes the auditory cortex).Conclusions: Schizophrenia patients show widespread patterns of hyper-connectivity across a distributed network of the frontal, temporal, and occipital brain regions. Results highlight a novel approach for characterizing alterations in connectivity in the neuropsychiatric patient populations. Further mechanistic characterization of network functioning is needed to clarify the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric and neurological diseases.

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Section: Network Centered At the Visual Cortexsupporting

confidence: 91%

Neurophysiologic Characterization of Resting State Connectivity Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Patients

et al. 2020

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“…Overall, brain volume alterations, such as gray and white matter volume loss, enlarged ventricles, and change in the volume of the anterior cingulate cortex, insula and thalamus, have been identified in SZ patients 221, 224–226 . Notably, cognitive impairments that determine the quality of life and social functioning among patients with SZ have been reported to be related to brain structures 222, 226–230 . However, of great importance is the fact that brain structure shows maturational changes; 231 for example, gray matter cortical thickness decreases as a function of age.…”

Section: Abnormal Exploratory Eye Movements Among Patients With Szmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these findings, several independent research groups underlined the necessity to incorporate vision research into brain imaging studies; to investigate the relationship between eye movements, and structural and functional brain abnormalities in cognitive subgroups of SZ 225–227, 232, 233 . Furthermore, to show eye movement abnormalities among SZ patients and their relationship with patients’ social/intellectual functioning, 182, 234 researchers actively studied the association between eye movement abnormalities and (i) work hours (obtained through the Social Activity Assessment), 235 and (ii) the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 44, 182, 230 .…”

Section: Abnormal Exploratory Eye Movements Among Patients With Szmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent updates of eye movement abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia: A scoping review

Wolf

Ueda

Hirano

2021

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim Although eye‐tracking technology expands beyond capturing eye data just for the sole purpose of ensuring participants maintain their gaze at the presented fixation cross, gaze technology remains of less importance in clinical research. Recently, impairments in visual information encoding processes indexed by novel gaze metrics have been frequently reported in patients with schizophrenia. This work undertakes a scoping review of research on saccadic dysfunctions and exploratory eye movement deficits among patients with schizophrenia. It gathers promising pieces of evidence of eye movement abnormalities in attention‐demanding tasks on the schizophrenia spectrum that have mounted in recent years and their outcomes as potential biological markers. Methods The protocol was drafted based on PRISMA for scoping review guidelines. Electronic databases were systematically searched to identify articles published between 2010 and 2020 that examined visual processing in patients with schizophrenia and reported eye movement characteristics as potential biomarkers for this mental illness. Results The use of modern eye‐tracking instrumentation has been reported by numerous neuroscientific studies to successfully and non‐invasively improve the detection of visual information processing impairments among the screened population at risk of and identified with schizophrenia. Conclusions Eye‐tracking technology has the potential to contribute to the process of early intervention and more apparent separation of the diagnostic entities, being put together by the syndrome‐based approach to the diagnosis of schizophrenia. However, context‐processing paradigms should be conducted and reported in equally accessible publications to build comprehensive models.

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“…In addition to eye movements, we have also acquired multimodality data ranging from clinical indicators and cognitive function evaluation scales to neuroimaging data. [67][68][69][70] We expect further research developments in the near future.…”

Section: Current Prob Lems and The E S Tab Lis Hment Of L Arg E-sc mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple centers are cooperating by standardizing data acquisition methods, training inspection methods, and uniformly managing data quality. In addition to eye movements, we have also acquired multimodality data ranging from clinical indicators and cognitive function evaluation scales to neuroimaging data . We expect further research developments in the near future.…”

Section: Current Problems and The Establishment Of Large‐scale Multicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye movement characteristics in schizophrenia: A recent update with clinical implications

Morita

Miura

Kasai

et al. 2019

Neuropsychopharm Rep

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Eye movements are indispensable for the collection of visual information in everyday life. Many findings regarding the neural basis of eye movements have been accumulated from neurophysiological and psychophysical studies. In the field of psychiatry, studies on eye movement characteristics in mental illnesses have been conducted since the early 1900s. Participants with schizophrenia are known to have characteristic eye movements during smooth pursuit, saccade control, and visual search. Recently, studies evaluating eye movement characteristics as biomarkers for schizophrenia have attracted considerable attention. In this article, we review the neurophysiological basis of eye movement control and eye movement characteristics in schizophrenia. Furthermore, we discuss the prospects for eye movements as biomarkers for mental illnesses.

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Eye‐movement characteristics of schizophrenia and their association with cortical thickness

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Neurophysiologic Characterization of Resting State Connectivity Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Patients

Neurophysiologic Characterization of Resting State Connectivity Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Patients

Recent updates of eye movement abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia: A scoping review

Eye movement characteristics in schizophrenia: A recent update with clinical implications

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