Eye injury in the Israeli Defense Force: “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”

Gendler, Sami; Nadler, Roy; Erlich, Tomer; Fogel, Ofir; Shushan, Guy; Glassberg, Elon

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2015.01.035

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Reduced use has been attributed mainly to the shape and style of protective spectacles and a tendency to limit the field of vision and accumulate fog. 26 This study further exemplifies the importance of the consistent use of protective goggles, which may protect the orbital region and other facial regions near the eye. The results further stress the compliance and commander enforcement of protective goggle use, demonstrating that only 5% of casualties with MFI in military settings were documented using protective eyewear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The use of protective eyewear in the IDF has been discussed and was characterized by low adherence before 2012, when a new and lighter spectacle was introduced. Reduced use has been attributed mainly to the shape and style of protective spectacles and a tendency to limit the field of vision and accumulate fog 26 . This study further exemplifies the importance of the consistent use of protective goggles, which may protect the orbital region and other facial regions near the eye.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…2,3,15,16,23,25 Previous studies have reported the enormous protective potential of helmets and protective eyewear in decreasing morbidity, mortality, and severity of injuries. 26,27 Despite the potential protective effects of helmets and protective eyewear in the cohort, only 39% and 5% of the patients in the MC group wore ballistic-protective devices, including helmets and protective eyewear, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Traumatic maxillofacial injuries: Patterns, outcomes, and long‐term follow‐up of a military cohort

Tsur

Talmy

Radomislensky³

et al. 2022

Dental Traumatology

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Background/Aims: Maxillofacial trauma poses a distinct challenge on the modern battlefield, and data on its long-term implications are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate maxillofacial injury characteristics, outcomes, and complications along the continuum of care among hospitalized military personnel from the pre-hospital setting through long-term rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: A registry-based study was undertaken of three national trauma and rehabilitation registries: The Israel Defense Forces Trauma Registry (IDF-TR), which records pre-hospital data. The Israeli National Trauma Registry for inhospital data and the Israel Ministry of Defense Rehabilitation Department (MOD-RD) registry contain long-term disability data. The cohort comprised IDF soldiers who suffered maxillofacial injuries between 1997 and 2020.Results: A total of 672 patients with maxillofacial injuries were included in the study, and 6.4% of all trauma admissions were related to maxillofacial injuries. Of these, 366 (54%) were injured in non-military (NMC) circumstances, and 306 (46%) were wounded in military circumstances (MC). The mechanisms of injury were mainly traffic-related among the NMC group compared with an explosion in the MC group.Maxillofacial fractures were frequently associated with traumatic brain injuries with higher rates in the NMC group than in the MC group (55% vs. 30%, p < .001). In a multivariate analysis, zygomatic and orbital fractures were associated with higher odds of concomitant head injury. The most common categories of long-term disability included central nervous system disorders, skull injuries, epilepsy, hearing impairment, ophthalmologic conditions, and post-traumatic stress disorder.Conclusions: Maxillofacial injuries are often associated with concomitant traumatic brain injury. Long-term disabilities associated with these injuries included the central nervous system, hearing, ophthalmologic impairments, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Traumatic maxillofacial injuries: Patterns, outcomes, and long‐term follow‐up of a military cohort

Tsur

Talmy

Radomislensky³

et al. 2022

Dental Traumatology

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Similar rates were documented in reports based on Israeli combat casualty databases, with the most recent report suggesting up to 11% of ocular involvement during operation "Cast Lead" in 2008. 7 These eye involvement proportions are somewhat higher than expected, considering that the eye represents only 0.1% of the total body surface and considering the development of advanced protective eyewear (PE) and their large-scale implementation in the field. 8 During 2012, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) has mandated the use of PE for all combatants in service, based on standards published beforehand in the United States; warfighters were commanded to use this gear routinely in training and combat environments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…8 During 2012, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) has mandated the use of PE for all combatants in service, based on standards published beforehand in the United States; warfighters were commanded to use this gear routinely in training and combat environments. 7,9 The purpose of this study was to present an overview of the changes in the incidence and severity of ocular injuries following the implementation of eye-protecting gear throughout the years 2013 to 2019. We also sought to examine whether the characteristics of ocular injuries during a high-intensity conflict (i.e., operation "Protective Edge," 2014) differed from those occurring during other military missions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combat-related ocular injuries in the Israel Defense Forces during the years 2013 to 2019

Shakarchy-Kaminsky

Megreli

Kaminsky

et al. 2021

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

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BACKGROUND:Ocular injuries account for up to 13% of battle injuries, despite the implementation of advanced protective eyewear (PE). The aim of this study was to describe the extent of ocular injuries over the last years among Israel Defense Forces soldiers and to examine the change in PE policy introduced in 2013 and the effect of a high-intensity conflict on ocular injury characteristics. METHODS:This retrospective registry-based analysis derived data from the Israel Defense Forces Trauma Registry and included soldiers who sustained combat-related ocular injuries between the years 2013 and 2019. Demographic data and injury characteristics of casualties, as well as information regarding the use of PE, were collected and analyzed. RESULTS:A total of 2,312 military casualties were available for this study; the incidence of combat-related ocular injuries was 8.9% (n = 113). Ocular injuries occurred among male soldiers (98.2%) with a mean ± SD age of 22.7 ± 4.6 years; mechanism of injury was penetrating in 59.3% of the casualties and blunt in 22.1% of the casualties, ocular injury was isolated in 51.3% of the casualties, and others sustained concomitant injuries including head (32.7%), upper extremity injury (17.7%), lower extremity (15.9%), torso (8.0%), neck (6.2%), and other (5.9%) injuries. Ocular injuries rate was similar among casualties who used PE (11.2%) and those who did not use PE (13.0%) while injured (p = 0.596). Rate of open globe injuries was 9.1% in casualties who used PE and 39.5% (p = 0.002) in casualties who did not. CONCLUSION:Eye protection may significantly reduce ocular injuries severity. Education of the combatants on the use of PE and guidance of medical teams on proper assessment, initial treatment, and rapid evacuation of casualties are needed to improve visual outcomes of the casualties further.

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Visual system pathology in humans and animal models of blast injury

DeWalt

Eldred

2017

J of Comparative Neurology

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Injury from blast exposure is becoming a more prevalent cause of death and disability worldwide. The devastating neurological impairments that result from blasts are significant and lifelong. Progress in the development of effective therapies to treat injury has been slowed by its heterogeneous pathology and the dearth of information regarding the cellular mechanisms involved. Within the last decade, a number of studies have documented visual dysfunction following injury. This brief review examines damage to the visual system in both humans and animal models of blast injury. The in vivo use of the retina as a surrogate to evaluate brain injury following exposure to blast is also highlighted.

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Eye injury in the Israeli Defense Force: “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Traumatic maxillofacial injuries: Patterns, outcomes, and long‐term follow‐up of a military cohort

Traumatic maxillofacial injuries: Patterns, outcomes, and long‐term follow‐up of a military cohort

Combat-related ocular injuries in the Israel Defense Forces during the years 2013 to 2019

Visual system pathology in humans and animal models of blast injury

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