Extrinsic Circumflex Coronary Artery Compression and Occlusion by Mycotic Aneurysm of Left Aortic Sinus

Bansal, Ramesh; Ali, Saif; Prasad, Vinoy; Razzouk, Anees J.; Ghatnekar, Nikhil; Floridia, Rosario

doi:10.1016/j.case.2021.11.009

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Other causes could be an abscess of the aortic root, aneurysm of the left aortic sinus, prosthetic pulmonary valve implantation, metastatic cardiac tumour, or ventricular pseudo aneurysm, among others. 9 This is a report of a unique case of CMAC and inferolateral myocardial infarction probably caused by extrinsic compression of the Cx coronary artery. This latter vessel, after originating from the left main, goes past the left coronary sulcus heading towards the lateral and posterior walls of the left ventricle close by the posterior mitral annulus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Myocardial infarction induced by caseous mitral annular calcification: a case report

Cosma

Wain-Hobson

Zuffi

et al. 2023

European Heart Journal - Case Reports

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Background Caseous mitral annular calcification (CMAC) is a rare variant of mitral annular calcification. Symptoms can be related to mitral valvular dysfunction, arterial embolization and transient aortic outflow tract obstruction. CMAC usually affects the posterior fibrous mitral annulus and is commonly diagnosed in elderly patients with a history of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and renal failure. Case summary A 68-year-old patient was transferred to our department for late presenting acute myocardial infarction and acute heart failure. Coronary angiography revealed a significant extrinsic compression of the circumflex artery. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed an ovoid calcified mass of 3.6 cm x 2 cm originating from the posterior mitral annulus causing moderate mitral stenosis as well as akinesia of the inferolateral wall, reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF 35%) and a low-flow low-gradient severe aortic stenosis. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the presence of a large calcified mass, inserted to the posterior mitral annulus evocating caseous necrosis. The patient underwent a double valve replacement with implantation of both aortic and mitral bioprostheses. Histopathology of the excised mass revealed a chronic mitral valve fibrocalcification with aseptic necrosis, consistent with a caseous calcification of the posterior mitral annulus. Discussion Extrinsic coronary artery compression is a rare disease entity. We report a rather peculiar cause of extrinsic artery compression: CMAC inducing significant mitral stenosis and compressing the circumflex artery leading to myocardial infarction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of extrinsic artery compression caused by CMAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%