Extremely Stretchable and Fast Self‐Healing Hydrogels

Jeon, Insu; Cui, Jiaxi; Illeperuma, Widusha Ruwangi Kaushalya; Aizenberg, Joanna; Vlassak, Joost J.

doi:10.1002/adma.201600480

Cited by 418 publications

(332 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Ionomers, a commercially available self-healing polymer, [45] require an external stimulus such as temperature to increase polymer chain mobility and activate self-healing. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The ability to rationally tune and add new functionality in materials can lead to transformative advances in emerging self-healing systems. This material tolerates extreme strains exceeding 5000%, features an ionic conductivity of 10 −4 S cm −1 , and shows high transparency across the visible spectrum with an average transmittance of 92%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transparent, Self‐Healing, Highly Stretchable Ionic Conductor

et al. 2016

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Self-healing materials can repair damage caused by mechanical wear, thereby extending lifetime of devices. A transparent, self-healing, highly stretchable ionic conductor is presented that autonomously heals after experiencing severe mechanical damage. The design of this self-healing polymer uses ion-dipole interactions as the dynamic motif. The unique properties of this material when used to electrically activate transparent artificial muscles are demonstrated.

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confidence: 99%

A Transparent, Self‐Healing, Highly Stretchable Ionic Conductor

et al. 2016

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“…9,10 Traditional chemically cross-linked hydrogels tend to display low mechanical strength and poor toughness, due to the inhomogeneity of the chemical crosslinking network and lack of effective energy dissipation under deformation. In order to get better mechanical properties, to date, a good deal of approaches have been proposed in an effort to obtain hydrogels with favourable mechanical properties, such as semi-IPN hydrogels, 11 slide-ring hydrogels, 12 hydrophobic association hydrogels (HA gels), [13][14][15] double-network (DN) hydrogels, [16][17][18] macromolecular microsphere composite (MMC) hydrogels 19 and nanocomposite hydrogels. [20][21][22] Among the various hydrogels, DN gels stand out, having gained tremendous attraction due to their remarkable comprehensive mechanical performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healable, tough and highly stretchable hydrophobic association/ionic dual physically cross-linked hydrogels

Zhang

Xiang

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

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Hydrophobic association (HA) hydrogels have recently attracted much attention since they exhibit high selfhealing ability, remolding capability and shape-memory behavior simultaneously, but their low mechanical strength prevents them from use in many stress-bearing applications. In this work, we describe a novel method for the production of tough and highly stretchable hydrogels with self-healing behavior, tensile strength of 150-300 kPa and stretch at break of 2400-2800%. Dual physical cross-linking (DPHF) hydrogels were prepared via micellar copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and stearyl methacrylate (C18) in an aqueous ferric chloride solution with two different types of surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). The mechanical, rheological, selfhealing and swelling properties of the DPHF hydrogels were investigated and also evaluated as a function of the type of surfactant and the content of ferric ions. The introduction of a moderate content of ferric chloride endowed the hydrogels with excellent strength and self-healing properties simultaneously. Moreover, the structure of the DPHF hydrogels was investigated by IR and SEM analysis.The results were consistent with the results of the mechanical, self-healing and swelling properties tests.

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“…For example, by adding hygroscopic ions to the hydrogel, the hydrogel could self-hydrate by pulling water out of the ambient environment (Bai et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2014), ensuring that the actuator is always ready to self-heal. The high water concentration in hydrogels (when compared with the humidity of the surrounding air) can enable hydrogel polymers to heal much more rapidly than normal self-healing polymers, as demonstrated by Jeon et al (2016). However, one constant challenge that hydrogels face is ensuring that they remain sufficiently hydrated.…”

Section: Hydrogel Actuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydraulic gripper was built with a highly deformable hydrogel that was simultaneously gentle and robust, capable of trapping a live fish without harming it. Highly stretchable, self-healing hydrogels such as the one recently presented by Jeon et al (2016) could potentially be used to create these types of hydrogel grippers. Their hydrogel can self-heal very quickly (in under 30 s, given ideal conditions) and can strain over 1,000% its original length ( Figure 2C).…”

Section: Hydrogel Actuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Healing and Damage Resilience for Soft Robotics: A Review

Bilodeau

Kramer

2017

Front. Robot. AI

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Advances in soft robotics will be crucial to the next generation of robot-human interfaces. Soft material systems embed safety at the material level, providing additional safeguards that will expedite their placement alongside humans and other biological systems. However, in order to function in unpredictable, uncontrolled environments alongside biological systems, soft robotic systems should be as robust in their ability to recover from damage as their biological counterparts. There exists a great deal of work on self-healing materials, particularly polymeric and elastomeric materials that can self-heal through a wide variety of tools and techniques. Fortunately, most emerging soft robotic systems are constructed from polymeric or elastomeric materials, so this work can be of immediate benefit to the soft robotics community. Though the field of soft robotics is still nascent as a whole, self-healing and damage resilient systems are beginning to be incorporated into three key support pillars that are enabling the future of soft robotics: actuators, structures, and sensors. This article reviews the state-of-the-art in damage resilience and self-healing materials and devices as applied to these three pillars. This review also discusses future applications for soft robots that incorporate self-healing capabilities.

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Extremely Stretchable and Fast Self‐Healing Hydrogels

Abstract: Dynamic crosslinking of extremely stretchable hydrogels with rapid self-healing ability is described. Using this new strategy, the obtained hydrogels are able to elongate 100 times compared to their initial length and to completely self-heal within 30 s without external energy input.

Cited by 418 publications

References 34 publications

A Transparent, Self‐Healing, Highly Stretchable Ionic Conductor

A Transparent, Self‐Healing, Highly Stretchable Ionic Conductor

Self-healable, tough and highly stretchable hydrophobic association/ionic dual physically cross-linked hydrogels

Self-Healing and Damage Resilience for Soft Robotics: A Review

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