Extremely low-loss acoustic phonons in a quartz bulk acoustic wave resonator at millikelvin temperature

Goryachev, Maxim; Creedon, Daniel L.; Ivanov, Eugene; Galliou, Serge; Bourquin, R.; Tobar, Michael E.

doi:10.1063/1.4729292

Cited by 85 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Recent work with quartz bulk acoustic resonators at both 4 K and tens of millikelvin temperatures demonstrated quality factors of up to 7.8×10 9 and might therefore be useful as part of a hybrid quantum system [59][60][61][62][63]. Conveniently, the resonance frequencies of these devices are compatible with those of trapped ions, i.e.…”

Section: Ion Coupled To a Quartz Resonatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid quantum systems with trapped charged particles

2017

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Trapped charged particles have been at the forefront of quantum information processing (QIP) for a few decades now, with deterministic two-qubit logic gates reaching record fidelities of 99.9% and single qubit operations of much higher fidelity. In a hybrid system involving trapped charges, quantum degrees of freedom of macroscopic objects such as bulk acoustic resonators, superconducting circuits or nano-mechanical membranes, couple to the trapped charges and ideally inherit the coherent properties of the charges. The hybrid system therefore implements a "quantum transducer", where the quantum reality (i.e. superpositions and entanglement) of small objects is extended to include the larger object. Although a hybrid quantum system with trapped charges could be valuable both for fundamental research and for QIP application, no such system exists today. Here we study theoretically the possibilities of coupling the quantum mechanical motion of a trapped charged particle (e.g. ion or electron) to quantum degrees of freedom of superconducting devices, nano-mechanical resonators and quartz bulk acoustic wave resonators. For each case, we estimate the coupling rate between the charged particle and its macroscopic counterpart and compare it to the decoherence rate, i.e. the rate at which quantum superposition decays. A hybrid system can only be considered quantum if the coupling rate significantly exceeds all decoherence rates. Our approach is to examine specific examples, using parameters that are experimentally attainable in the foreseeable future. We conclude that those hybrid quantum system considered involving an atomic ion are unfavorable, compared to using an electron, since the coupling rates between the charged particle and its counterpart are slower than the expected decoherence rates. A system based on trapped electrons, on the other hand, might have coupling rates which significantly exceed decoherence rates. Moreover it might have appealing properties such as fast entangling gates, long coherence and flexible electron interconnectivity topology. Realizing such a system, however, is technologically challenging, since it requires accommodating both trapping technology and superconducting circuitry in a compatible manner. We review some of the challenges involved, such as the required trap parameters, electron sources, electrical circuitry and cooling schemes in order to promote further investigations towards the realization of such a hybrid system. CONTENTS

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Section: Ion Coupled To a Quartz Resonatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid quantum systems with trapped charged particles

2017

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“…12 Q Â f also turns out to play a key role in the quantum realm, where it indicates the number of independent operations N that can be performed on a quantum mechanical system subject to thermal decoherence induced by an environment at temperature T. 13 More specifically, the number of coherent oscillations in presence of a thermal environment is given by Q Â f Â h=ðk B TÞ, which indicates that a Q Â f higher than 6Â10 12 is necessary to attain one coherent oscillation at room temperature. Two independent works have demonstrated record values for Q Â f in the 10 15 -10 16 range for quartz resonators at ultralow temperature 14,15 and very recent developments on silicon optomechanical crystals 7 allowed reaching a Q Â f of 10 14 . Apart from these three works, current state-of-the-art systems are evolving in the 10 10 -10 13 window (see Refs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh Q-frequency product for optomechanical disk resonators with a mechanical shield

Nguyen

Baker

Hease

et al. 2013

Applied Physics Letters

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We report on optomechanical GaAs disk resonators with ultrahigh quality factor -frequency product Q • f . Disks standing on a simple pedestal exhibit GHz breathing modes attaining a Q • f of 10 13 measured under vacuum at cryogenic temperature. Clamping losses are found to be the dominant source of dissipation in this configuration. A new type of disk resonator integrating a shield within the pedestal is then proposed and its working principles and performances investigated by numerical simulations. For dimensions compatible with fabrication constraints, the clamping-loss-limited Q reaches 10 7 − 10 9 corresponding to Q • f of 10 16 − 10 18 . This shielded pedestal approach applies to any heterostructure presenting an acoustic mismatch.

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“…The technological advancement which allows this possibility is due to recent work on quartz bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators, which have been cooled to below 20 mK with outstanding acoustic properties [31][32][33][34]. Also, they have proven to be compatible with SQUID amplifiers and offer quantum limited amplification at mK temperatures [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational wave detection with high frequency phonon trapping acoustic cavities

2014

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There are a number of theoretical predictions for astrophysical and cosmological objects, which emit high frequency (10 6 −10 9 Hz) Gravitation Waves (GW) or contribute somehow to the stochastic high frequency GW background. Here we propose a new sensitive detector in this frequency band, which is based on existing cryogenic ultra-high quality factor quartz Bulk Acoustic Wave cavity technology, coupled to near-quantum-limited SQUID amplifiers at 20 mK. We show that spectral strain sensitivities reaching 10 −22 per √ Hz per mode is possible, which in principle can cover the frequency range with multiple (> 100) modes with quality factors varying between 10 6 − 10 10 allowing wide bandwidth detection. Due to its compactness and well established manufacturing process, the system is easily scalable into arrays and distributed networks that can also impact the overall sensitivity and introduce coincidence analysis to ensure no false detections.

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Extremely low-loss acoustic phonons in a quartz bulk acoustic wave resonator at millikelvin temperature

Cited by 85 publications

References 32 publications

Hybrid quantum systems with trapped charged particles

Hybrid quantum systems with trapped charged particles

Ultrahigh Q-frequency product for optomechanical disk resonators with a mechanical shield

Gravitational wave detection with high frequency phonon trapping acoustic cavities

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