Extremely Fast Self-Healable Bio-Based Supramolecular Polymer for Wearable Real-Time Sweat-Monitoring Sensor

Abstract

Sensors with autonomous self-healing properties offer enhanced durability, reliability, and stability. Although numerous self-healing polymers have been attempted, achieving sensors with fast and reversible recovery under ambient conditions with high mechanical toughness remains challenging. Here, a highly sensitive wearable sensor made of a robust bio-based supramolecular polymer that is capable of self-healing via hydrogen bonding is presented. The integration of carbon fiber thread into a self-healing polymer matrix provides a new toolset that can easily be knitted into textile items to fabricate wearable sensors that show impressive self-healing efficiency (>97.0%) after 30 s at room temperature for K+/Na+ sensing. The wearable sweat-sensor systemcoupled with a wireless electronic circuit board capable of transferring data to a smart phonesuccessfully monitors electrolyte ions in human perspiration noninvasively in real time, even in the healed state during indoor exercise. Our smart sensors represent an important advance toward futuristic personalized healthcare applications.

Mechano-responsive hydrogen-bonding array of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer captures both strength and self-healing

“…13) to provide its complex viscosity at 0.05 rad s − 1 (η* 0.05 ), yield stress, and the slope of the Cole − Cole plot. In short, higher values of η* 0.05 and yield stress, and lower Cole − Cole-plot slopes indicate that C-IP-SS is a more solid-like system 20,55 .…”

“…The yield stress, which provides the minimum energy required to collapse the internal structure, was obtained from a modi ed Casson plot using the Eq. (2) as follows 20 : in which G" y is the yield stress and K is a constant. The segmental relaxation behavior of each TPU was examined on the basis of the relaxation time obtained from the frequency-sweep data 64 : in which, J' is compliance, G', η*, and λ are the storage modulus, complex viscosity, and relaxation time, respectively.…”

“…Self-healing materials that autonomously and repeatedly repair physical damage through dynamic physical or chemical bonds [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] have gained signi cant levels of attention in a variety of material elds, including automobile components 8,9 , electronics [10][11][12][13][14] , robotics 15,16 , and healthcare devices [17][18][19][20] .…”

Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes: Response Mechanisms, Transducer Materials and Wearable Sensors

“…The sensor can undergo bending and stretching. The sensor was integrated with a wireless signal transduction which was useful for the on-body Yoon et al, very recently proposed a self-healable wearable ion sensor for real-time sweat monitoring [77] ( Figure 8C-E). Typically, carbon fiber was used as substrate and PEDOT(PSS) was used as the SC transducer.…”

Blood Pressure Sensors: Materials, Fabrication Methods, Performance Evaluations and Future Perspectives

“…Chemical-based self-healing is a strategy, which utilizes the built-in capabilities in the targeted material to initiate a chemical reaction whenever physical damage occurs. This strategy takes place at the smallest scale of the targeted material, where autonomous self-healing mechanisms based on chemical reactions are triggered through several classes, including a covalent bond [467], supramolecular interaction [468], hydrogen-bonding [469], ionic-interactions [470] and π-π stacking [471]. Chemo-mechanical based self-healing is another strategy, which utilizes a rehealing agent within the host matrix (i.e., targeted material) to initiate a chemical reaction in response to mechanical damage [472].…”