Extreme Flood Disasters: Comprehensive Impact and Assessment

Abstract

Evaluating extreme flood disasters is a prerequisite for decision making in flood management. Existing extreme flood disaster assessments fail to either consider or evaluate comprehensive impacts from social, economic, and environmental aspects. This study first analyzes the causes of extreme flood disasters and subsequently the potential flood consequences in depth. On the basis of this comprehensive analysis, an extreme flood disaster indicator system is developed by taking into account social, economic, and environmental consequences. To assess the comprehensive impacts, we propose a refined social and economic impact evaluation method and a semi-quantitative environmental impact evaluation method, which are applied to Jingjiang Flood Diversion District (JFDD) located in the Yangtze River Basin, and analyze two extreme flood scenarios. The results show that almost all of the JFDD area is flooded with inundation areas of 901.36 km2 and 879.49 km2, respectively. The corresponding affected populations are 0.51 million and 0.5 million. The direct economic losses are 18.83 billion and 14.33 billion, respectively. Moreover, 5 potential pollutant sources and 11 protected areas are inundated under two scenarios. Extreme floods have relatively serious impacts on local ecology and the environment. The proposed methodology can provide effective support for decision makers.

Assessment of Socioeconomic and Environmental Impacts of Flooding in Tuti Island, Khartoum State, Sudan.

“…According to the respondents, several key social impacts were identi ed, including migration, displacement, injury or death of a family member, loss of job opportunities, and an increase in poverty (as presented in Table 1). These ndings highlight the multifaceted and far-reaching consequences of ooding events on the local population (Khayyam 2020; Yu et al 2022).Table 1 also provides an interesting spatial dimension to the social impacts, showing variations across different parts of Tuti Island. The results indicate that the eastern part of the island experienced a higher frequency of social impacts compared to other regions.…”

Urban Flood Loss Assessment and Index Insurance Compensation Estimation by Integrating Remote Sensing and Rainfall Multi-Source Data: A Case Study of the 2021 Henan Rainstorm

“…Among them, Zhengzhou City suffered the most severe flood damage, with direct economic losses amounting to CNY 43.179 billion and total losses of CNY 51.815 billion. From Table 2, the urban inundation area of the cities is mainly concentrated in the range of 200-400 km 2 . There is a positive correlation between economic losses and urban inundation areas.…”

“…Floods are one of the most severe natural disasters worldwide [1], often causing huge economic losses and serious human casualties [2,3]. In the context of climate warming, extreme rainstorms are becoming more frequent [4] and more prone to causing widespread flooding [5], severely constraining sustainable socio-economic development, for example, floods in Thailand in 2011 [6], flooding along the Elbe River in Germany in 2013 [7], heavy rainfall across central Europe in 2021 [2], an extraordinary rainstorm in Henan in 2021 [8][9][10] and floods in Pakistan in 2022 [11]. Currently, in response to natural disasters, government departments use post-disaster relief to provide assistance [12], with a huge financial burden [13].…”

Comprehensive Performance Assessment for Sponge City Construction: A Case Study

“…The flood depth-loss rate relationship method is used to calculate the disaster-related direct economic losses according to the following equation [36]:…”