Extranodal lymphomas of abdomen and pelvis: imaging findings and differential diagnosis

Abstract

A wide spectrum of extranodal lymphomas in the abdomen and pelvis is commonly encountered by imaging. Diagnosing these lesions generally requires a multimodality approach. This review highlights imaging appearances of extranodal lymphomas in the abdomen and pelvis with emphasis on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography-computed tomography along with the relevant differential diagnosis.

Renal Lymphoma Mimicking a Retroperitoneal Hematoma

“…After contrast, lymphomatous deposits enhance less than the surrounding normal parenchyma in both CT and MRI. However, some lesions may show late progressive enhancement [ 7 ].…”

“…At FDG PET/CT, renal involvement in NHL appears as multiple focal areas of increased uptake in the renal cortex [ 7 ].…”

Renal, pelvic and mesenteric tumors with low signal intensity on T2-weighted MR image: A review

“…Often, a larger percentage of pelvic tumors are linked to endometrial cancer, which is also the most commonly occurring uterine cancer. On examination, tumors can appear as exophytic masses and in other cases as diffuse endometrial thickening (11). The location of endometrial carcinoma is often based on the extension of the primary tumor.…”

“…Leiomyomas contain spindle-shaped cells in a trabecular configuration, creating a whorled appearance. The amount of fibrous tissue, extracellular matrix, and collagen is usually variable (11). The tumors are commonly classified as cervical, intramural, subserosal, and submucosal, depending on where they are located.…”

Biomedical Applications of Fluorescent and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dual‐Modality Probes

“…[2] According to the signal modality classification of MI contrasta gent (CA), the most commonly adopted MI techniques in the clinic include fluorescent imaging (FI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and radionuclide imaging. [3] Current MI technologiesa re able to offer anatomical, physiological, and molecular information for disease detection, treatment planning, and drug development in clinical research. [4] However,a tp resent, imaging methods alonec annotp rovide the desired comprehensive and complete information.…”