Extramedullary relapse of multiple myeloma in the thyroid cartilage

Mitchell, Howard E.; Garas, George; Mazarakis, Nektarios K.; McGlashan, Julian

doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-200689

Cited by 12 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Computed tomography, with or without contrast, used to evaluate local extensions identified lowdensity masses 18,21 varying in size from 2 cm to 5 cm. 12,[17][18][19][20] They were often characterized by thin expansion of cortical cartilage 5,11,13,17,21 with presence of small punctate calcifications. 12,13,22 In some cases, invasion of adjacent structures were also observed.…”

Section: Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myeloma of Laryngeal Cartilage: Literature Review and Case Study

You

Bhuta

2019

Ear Nose Throat J

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Background: Myeloma of laryngeal cartilage (MLC) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm which has not been well characterized. However, it is an important differential diagnosis of laryngeal cartilage mass as it can indicate the presence of underlying systemic hematological diseases, such as multiple myeloma (MM), that is associated with poor prognosis. This article is the first of its kind and aims to educate clinicians on future diagnosis and management of similar cases. Methods: Search of MLC was performed on the medical literature databases of Medline, PUBMED, and EMBASE. Additionally, institutional database at Gold Coast University Hospital Radiology Department was queried for relevant cases. Based on 16 cases that met the inclusion criteria, the etiology, epidemiology, clinical evaluation, investigations, management, and prognosis of MLC was summarized. Results: Of all, 94% of MLC occur in males and 81% in those older than 60 years. It is more commonly a manifestation of systemic MM, rather than localized extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP), 81% and 19% respectively. Additionally, 67% of laryngeal EMPs progress to MM within 3 years from initial diagnosis. Although treatments involving both local and systemic therapy were effective at relieving local symptoms, 39% of MLC patients died during the follow-up period—all of which were due to septicemia caused by secondary infections. Conclusion: Myeloma of laryngeal cartilage is a relatively rare condition that requires accurate diagnosis in order to promptly manage the potentially underlying systemic hematological disease. Currently, more case reports and analytical studies are required to provide evidence-based guidance on etiology, diagnosis, and management of this condition.

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Section: Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This article presents a review of 16 known MLC cases from 15 published articles 5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] (Table 1) and one case from institutional records. Since patient management, as well as prognosis, vary widely depending on different PCN entities, accurate diagnosis is vital for optimal management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloma of Laryngeal Cartilage: Literature Review and Case Study

You

Bhuta

2019

Ear Nose Throat J

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“…the arytenoids and the subglottic space (7). Only 11 cases of thyroid cartilage involvement in MM have been reported so far in the literature (8). Two mechanisms have been postulated for cartilaginous involvement.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Nodule: An Unusual Presentation of Relapse of Multiple Myeloma

Tandon¹,

Wadhwa²,

Batra³

et al. 2018

Turk J Endocrinol Metab

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“…. Zur Diagnosestellung und zur genaueren mikrolaryngoskopischen Beurteilung der Ausdehnung erfolgte daher eine Mikrolaryngoskopie in Intubationsnarkose sowie die tiefe submuköse Gewebeentnahme mit anschließender histopathologischer Untersuchung [10].…”

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“…In den letzten 10 Jahren wurden 7 Case Reports publiziert, die von einer extramedullären Infiltration des Larynx bei bekanntem Multiplem Myelom berichten [1,3,5,6,10,12,14]. Es erfolgte bei allen eine erfolgreich größenreduzierende Radiotherapie des laryngealen Befundes.…”

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