Extramedullary plasmacytomas in the context of multiple myeloma

Abstract

Plasmacytoma is a frequent complication of multiple myeloma, either at diagnosis or within disease progression. The extramedullary disease confers a poorer prognosis and is biologically distinct with high-risk molecular and histological features, being resistant to conventional treatments. Radiation therapy remains the most effective treatment for extramedullary lesions to achieve local control. There are very limited data from randomized trials regarding the most appropriate systemic treatment. Case reports such as those presented here, as well as retrospective analysis of series, suggest that lenalidomide is an effective agent, in combination with dexamethasone, in this setting. Additional studies are needed to define the proper management of this condition.

Bilateral ovarian involvement: A rare presentation of disseminated multiple myeloma

“…Further studies are required to find a suitable treatment of this condition. 10 To our knowledge, only three similar cases of bilateral ovarian involvement simulating a Krukenberg tumor have been reported up to now, so the present case is the fourth. 6 A B…”

“…Some series recommend lenalidomide combined with dexamethasone, but there is little data on its efficacy. Further studies are required to find a suitable treatment of this condition 10 …”

Extramedullary Involvement of Lymph Nodes in Multiple Myeloma

“…Studies have shown that extramedullary progression of MM is associated with a worse prognosis (5,6). In fact, patients with EMD at the time of the diagnosis, despite a lower International Scoring System (ISS) score, have poorer outcome regardless of first-line treatment (14). For de novo EMD patients who are eligible for stem cell transplantation, a triplet induction therapy approach (bortezomiblenalidomide-dexamethasone) is suggested, followed by high-dose melphalan with autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation, triplet consolidation therapy (bortezomiblenalidomide-dexamethasone), and maintenance treatment consisting of at least lenalidomide (15).…”

Peritoneal Submesothelial Stromal Cells Support Hematopoiesis and Differentiate into Osteogenic and Adipogenic Cell Lineages

“…Extramedullary hematopoiesis exists in different tissues and it is frequently correlated with myelopoiesis [Oliveira et al, 2007;Aguado et al, 2011;Muench et al, 2011]. Inside the peritoneal cavity, extramedullary hematopoiesis has been associated with case reports and clinical disorders.…”