Extraction process and method validation for bioactive compounds from Citrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis: Application of response surface methodology and HPLC–DAD

Abstract

Citrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis, a traditional Chinese herb, has extensive medicinal and edible effects. 3′,4′,5,6,7,8-Hexamethoxyflavone (HM) and 5,6,7,8,4′-pentamethoxyflavone (PM) are main bioactive compounds in Chachiensis, which have been reported to possess various biological properties. In this study, supercritical CO2 extraction (SCE) and high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) were utilized to prepare HM and PM from Chachiensis. The contents of target compounds were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography method with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD), which was validated using the following parameters: linearity, sensitivity, repeatability, stability, precision and accuracy. The SCE conditions were optimized using response surface methodology with central composite design. Obtained optimum conditions were temperature of 37.9 °C, pressure of 26.3 MPa, and modifier volume of 81.0 mL. Under above conditions, the recoveries of target compounds were 92.52 ± 0.83 and 96.36 ± 0.43%, respectively. The most appropriate solvent system for HSCCC was selected as n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (1:0.8:1:1.2, v/v). The HSCCC fractions were detected by HPLC-DAD, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR). The results indicated that this method was successfully applied to obtain HM and PM with high purities and high recoveries from Chachiensis.

Evaluation of the Antiwrinkle Activity of Enriched Isatidis Folium Extract and an HPLC–UV Method for the Quality Control of Its Cream Products

“…Conclusively, the TMCA extraction efficiency was greatly affected by sonication time and methanol-to-material ratio. Furthermore, a lack-of-fit p -value of 0.1297 indicated that the lack-of-fit was not significantly related to pure error [ 29 ].…”

Optimization of Process Parameters and Kinetics Analysis of Cd Removal in ZnSO4 Production

“…At present, the process conditions used in the production are as follows: the reaction temperature is 45 • C, reaction time is 10 min, and the ratio of the zinc powder dosage to Cd content is 3:1. In order to further analyze the influence rules of the above three main influencing factors and their interaction on the Cd removal rate, find the optimal process parameters and provide scientific guidance for production, this paper uses Design-Expert software to design a total of 17 experimental sites with three factors and three levels [8][9][10][11][12][13]. The factors and levels in the scheme are shown in Table 1 below.…”

Short Communication: Analysis of detected metabolites compounds from the crude extract of Rimau Gerga Lebong oranges fruit (Citrus reticulata ‘RGL’) using LC-QTOF-MS/MS

“…However, the results of the study showed that the typical compounds in each type of mandarin orange could be different even though they came from the same species (Wang et al 2021). In addition, most of the reported data regarding the compounds present in the RGL citrus species are the result of HPLC, so it has not been possible to analyze large amounts of bioactive compounds simultaneously (Abeysinghe et al 2007;Mei et al 2021).…”