Extraction of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. by supercritical fluid CO2 and its contact toxicity to Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Abstract

Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) has developed extensive pesticide resistance in the last several decades. We have developed a supercritical fluid extraction method for Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (TFG) and studied the contact toxicities of the extracts to R. dominica. The extraction method was designed with orthogonal experiments to preserve and collect all the possible active components. Contact toxicity and efficiency of extraction were used as standard values to optimize extraction conditions, which were achieved at 55°C under 25 Mpa of pressure. The extraction efficiency for 200 g of dry sample reached 6.21% with 30 ml of 95% alcohol. Extracts loaded on filter paper showed dose and time dependent toxicities to adult R. dominica with a LC 50 value of 65.02 lg/cm 2 after 3 days post treatment. Our extensive in vivo studies indicated the extracts from Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds have high efficacy against pesticide resistant R. dominica. The active ingredient(s) from the extract shows promise as a novel pesticide candidate.

Molecular Classification of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Mentha pulegium Oils Components

“…Here, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is 1.22 % and approximation error variance (AEV), 0.0002. However, fit improves if the second major component in E. camaldulensis (a-pinene) is added: I = -0.00377 + 0.0125%pulegone + 0.0119%a -pinene, MAPE = 0.70% AEV = 0.0001 (9) and AEV decays by 50 %. The matrix R of Pearson correlation coefficients was computed among all couples of properties <i 1 ,i 2 ,i 3 ,i 4 > for all five proximates in Table 1.…”

“…11, bottom left) and class 2 {O 1 ,cyc 1 } (F 1 < F 2 , top right), in accord with the loadings plot of PCA, binary and radial trees, as well as splits graph (figs. [7][8][9][10].…”

“…The therapeutic benefits of essential oils (EOs) are known since antiquity; however, the scientific study of the power of aromatic and medicinal plants has arisen in the last few years, with the aim of looking for alternatives to the chemical substances that jeopardize human health and the environment [1]. Many works proved different bioactivities of aromatic and medicinal plants (e. g., antifungal [2][3][4], antibacterial [5,6], antioxidant [7], insecticide [8][9][10] powers) by which EOs could serve as preserving agent of food products; EOs from certain aromatic plants present growth and toxigenesis inhibition of bacteria and fungi which are responsible for food infections [11][12][13][14]. Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Mentha pulegium are aromatic and medicinal plants that are used in traditional medicine with antimicrobial purposes [15][16][17][18].…”

GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil Composition and Insecticidal Activity of Syzygium aromaticum against Callosobruchus Maculatus of Chickpea

“…9-11 Essential oil (EO) from plants is an important resource of natural products and their components are mainly used as food flavors; however, they can be successfully used for various non-food applications such as antifungal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and insecticidal activity. [12][13][14][15][16] Numerous studies have highlighted the biocidal effects of essential oils on plant pests (Bruchidae), 17,18 These compounds are acting as fumigants 19-21 Contact insecticides 22 or repellents. In this study, we propose to investigate the chemical profile of essential oils extracted from syzygium aromaticum and their insecticidal activity in Callosobruchus maculatus.…”

Biological Activity of the Mentha spicata L. and Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oils on Sytophilusgranarius L. and Triboliumconfusum Jac. Du Val. Infested Stored Wheat

“…Furthermore, several studies have highlighted the different biological activities of aromatic and medicinal plants [19,20], in particular, their biological activities, namely, antifungal [21][22][23], antibacterial [24,25], antioxidant [26], acaricide [27] and insecticide [28][29][30][31][32].…”