Extraction of Thiophene or Pyridine from n-Heptane Using Ionic Liquids. Gasoline and Diesel Desulfurization

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the possible use of ILs as solvents for two separation problems frequently encountered in petroleum industry: {aromatic sulfur compound þ aliphatic hydrocarbon} or {nitrogen compound þ aliphatic hydrocarbon}. This work is focused on three ILs: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methylphosphonate, and tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)-methylammonium-methylsulfate. In the first part of this article, a study of new three ternary systems is studied in view of defining the capacity of proposed ILs as solvents for extraction of sulfur and nitrogen containing organic compounds from aliphatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, LLE measurements of ternary mixtures for five systems were measured at 298.15 K and at atmospheric pressure:The second section of this article presents results of extraction of synthetic fuelsmodel gasoline and model diesel by the use of selected ILs. The influence of extraction time or temperature as well as three stepped procedure using each time a fresh portion of ILs on the final fuel contamination was investigated.

Efficient desulfurization of gasoline fuel using ionic liquid extraction as a complementary process to adsorptive desulfurization

“…The ionic liquids (ILs) have been recognized as promising alternatives to conventional non-desirable organic solvents and have received considerable attention as extractants for desulfurization of liquid fuels (Li et al 2010;Mochizuki and Sugawara 2008;Kedra-Krolik et al 2011;Hansmeier et al 2011), or at least as a complementary technology to the HDS process . The ILs are environmentally friendly solvents with unique physicochemical properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, high chemical and thermal stabilities, nonflammability, and recyclability.…”

“…The ILs are environmentally friendly solvents with unique physicochemical properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, high chemical and thermal stabilities, nonflammability, and recyclability. These properties together with high affinity for sulfur-containing compounds, especially aromatic sulfur components, and immiscibility with fuels make ILs desirable extractants for desulfurization of liquid fuels Kedra-Krolik et al 2011). However, although ILs are highly effective for the extraction of some aromatic sulfur components, that is, they can lower the concentrations to desirable low levels (especially thiophenic compounds), they do not provide adequate efficiency for decreasing the total sulfur concentration to acceptable levels for many gasoline samples.…”

“…A survey of the literature shows that many factors, such as the type of ionic liquid, ratio of IL to gasoline, number of extraction steps, contact time (shaking time), and temperature in some instances, may significantly influence the extractive desulfurization efficiency of gasoline and diesel fuels with ILs Mochizuki and Sugawara 2008;Kedra-Krolik et al 2011). However, the influence of these factors has not been studied in detail.…”

Extraction of Phthalic Acid from Aqueous Solution by Using Ionic Liquids: A Quantum Chemical Approach

“…Further it has been used for the desulfurization of diesel [21], extraction of cresols [22] and aromatic compounds [23]. Recently the model was applied for the removal of pesticides such as PCP and DDT [24], ethylene glycol [25] and extraction of dibenzothiophene, diphenyl sulfide, diphenyldisulfide, tetralin and benzene [26].…”

Modeling and simulation of an industrial secondary reformer reactor in the fertilizer plants

“…Many organic solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, dimethylformamide, and polyalkylene glycol have been used as extractants, but none of these solvents conform to all of the above requirements and their performance in removing sulfur from fuels has not been fully satisfactory [15]. As a result, there have been a drive to find more selective solvents able to transform sulfur compounds into more soluble compounds and in this regard, ionic liquids (ILs) have been recognized as promising alternatives to conventional nondesirable organic solvents and have received considerable attention as extractants for desulfurization of liquid fuels [10,14], or at least as a complementary technology to the HDS process. ILs are environmental-friendly solvents with unique physicochemical properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, high chemical and thermal stabilities, nonflammability, and recyclability.…”