Extraction of Priority Pollutant 4-Nitrophenol from Water by Emulsion Liquid Membrane: Emulsion Stability, Effect of Operational Conditions and Membrane Reuse

Abstract

This work aims to the extraction of the priority pollutant 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) from water by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM). Liquid membrane consists of a diluent (hexane) and a surfactant (Span 80). Sodium carbonate solution was used as internal aqueous phase. Effects of important experimental conditions governing the stability of the W/O emulsion were investigated. Influence of operating parameters that affects the permeation of 4-NP such as surfactant concentration, emulsification time, sulfuric acid concentration in external phase, acid type in external phase, internal phase concentration, type of internal phase, stirring speed, volume ratio of internal phase to membrane phase, treatment ratio, 4-NP initial concentration, and diluent type was examined. This study also evaluated the effect of Na 2 CO 3 concentration in the internal aqueous phase on the stripping of 4-NP. Additionally, the reuse of the recovered membrane was studied. Under most favorable conditions, practically all the 4-NP and aniline (AN) molecules present in the feed phase were extracted. The recovery of the membrane phase was total and the extraction of 4-NP was not decreased. The ELM treatment process represents a very interesting advanced separation process for the removal of 4-NP and AN from aqueous solutions.

Stability Study of Emulsion Liquid Membrane via Emulsion Size and Membrane Breakage on Acetaminophen Removal from Aqueous Solution Using TOA

“…These results are also in line with those of Chaouchi and Hamdaoui. 29 Thus, the agitation speed of 300 rpm was chosen to obtain a stable emulsion in this study.…”

Simultaneous Extraction of Lead, Copper, and Cadmium from Aqueous Solution using Emulsion Liquid Membrane Technique

“…Through a review of previous studies, it was found that the optimum speed for each research varied based on the working conditions and the extracted pollutant and its concentration, where Salman et al [7] said that the best speed is 12,700 within 10 min of lead with a concentration pouring to 200 ppm, and 20000 rpm at 4 min in another study Chaouchi et al [37] .…”

Removal of 4-nitrophenol from water by emulsion liquid membrane

“…The effect of the volume ratio of emulsion to the external phase on the extraction efficiency was studied. Experiments were carried out using the following experimental conditions [19,20]: initial 4-NP concentration of 25 mg/L; external phase (4-NP solution) volume of 250 mL; volume ratio of internal phase to organic phase of 1/1; emulsification time of 4 min; stirring speed of 300 rpm; Span 80 concentration of 3% (w/w); internal phase concentration (Na 2 CO 3 ) of 0.1 N; sulfuric acid concentration in the feed phase of 0.1 N; and hexane as diluent. The obtained results are shown in Fig.…”