Extraction of phenolics in liquid model matrices containing oak chips: Kinetics, liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy characterisation and association with in vitro antiradical activity

Accelerated Aging of the Traditional Greek Distillate Tsipouro Using Wooden Chips. Part I: Effect of Static Maceration vs. Ultrasonication on the Polyphenol Extraction and Antioxidant Activity

“…This activity was tightly linked with the hydrolyzable tannins, particularly ellagitannins (e.g., vescalagin, castalagin), occurring in chestnut wood. Such a phenomenon was also shown in hydroalcoholic model systems treated with non-toasted oak chips, where C TP represented by hydrolyzable tannins was strongly correlated with A AR [17]. A further confirmation regarding the high antioxidant potency of hydrolyzable tannins came from the following examinations, which clearly showed that heavy toasting of oak chips resulted in extensive hydrolyzable tannin decomposition and a concomitant drastic decrease in both A AR and P R in wine model solutions [27].…”

“…The fact that polyphenol release obeyed first-order kinetics contrasted findings from previous studies on model wines [13,18], which showed polyphenol release to match second-order kinetics. Another empirical model proposed earlier suggested polyphenol extraction from oak chips into hydroalcoholic media to be dependent on the ethanol concentration [17]. Since Tsipouro has a considerably higher alcohol content, then the modification in the kinetic pattern would be reasonable.…”

“…This finding was attributed to differences in the structure of the wood originating from various botanic species, but also to the polyphenolic load of each wood. Furthermore, earlier investigations showed that the ethanol concentration is a key factor in defining the kinetics of polyphenol extraction from wooden chips in liquid model matrices [17]. In this study, the liquid matrix used was the distillate Tsipouro and treatments included the use of wooden chips from four different botanic species.…”

Potential of Lignins as Antioxidant Additive in Active Biodegradable Packaging Materials

“…The hindered phenolic hydroxyl groups being part of the lignin structure act as proton donors and are able to stabilize the radical in the quinone resonance structure [16]. Radical scavenging activity is described for a large number of lignin sources, ranging form black liquors [18] to the description of different botanic sources such as miscanthus [19], oak chips [20], bamboo [21] and many others. In general, radical scavenging activity of lignin is negatively influenced by increasing heterogeneity, dispersity, molecular weight average and carbohydrate admixtures [13,15,16].…”

Spectrofluorimetric determination of ellagic acid in brandy

“…The EA content is particularly important for the evaluation of brandy authenticity, as wood ageing marker, the differentiation of brandies according to the botanical species and the geographical origin of wood (Canas, Casanova, & Belchior, 2008;Canas et al, 2003;Patrício, Canas, & Belchior, 2005) and the quality of the final products (taste, flavor and colour) (Savchuk & Kolesov, 2005). Chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods are usually used for the determination of EA in brandy (Canas et al, 2003(Canas et al, , 2008Patrício et al, 2005;Savchuk & Kolesov, 2005), oak (Bianco, Handaji, & Savolainen, 1998;García del Moral, Arín, Resines, & Díez, 2007;Karvela, Makris, Kefalas, & Moutounet, 2008) and standard (Bala, Bhardwaj, Hariharan, & Ravi Kumar, 2006;Venkat Ratnam, Bhardwaj, & Ravi Kumar, 2006) samples. However, limited reports are available on the analysis of EA in alcohol solutions by means of fluorescent method (Wolfbeis & Hochmuth, 1986).…”