Extraction of Metal Oxides from Coal Bottom Ash by Carbon Reduction and Chemical Leaching

Itam, Zarina; Beddu, Salmia; Mohammad, D.; Kamal, Nur Liyana Mohd; Zainoodin, Mahyun; Syamsir, Agusril; Razak, Nordin Abd; Hamid, Zubaidah Aimi Abdul

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.356

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Theoretically, the increase of more water content in the concrete mix will not only increase its workability but also may increase the potential of segregation between coarse aggregate particles, bleeding, drying shrinkage and cracking as well as decrease in the concrete strength and durability 35 . Nevertheless, ash is a good water absorbent 16 , 23 , 36 . Adding ash will reduce water content in the concrete mix and its workability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials

Manan

Kamal

Beddu

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The potassium (K) and sodium (Na) elements in banana are needed for hydration reaction that can enhance the strength properties of concrete. This research aims (a) to determine the material engineering properties of banana skin ash (BSA) and concrete containing BSA, (b) to measure the strength enhancement of concrete due to BSA, and (c) to identify optimal application of BSA as supplementary cement materials (SCM) in concrete. The BSA characterization were assessed through X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Blaine’s air permeability. The workability, compressive strength, and microstructures of concrete containing BSA were analysed using slump test, universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). A total of 15 oxides and 19 non-oxides elements were identified in BSA with K (43.1%) the highest and Na was not detected. At 20 g of mass, the BSA had a higher bulk density (198.43 ± 0.00 cm3) than ordinary Portland cement (OPC) (36.32 ± 0.00 cm3) indicating availability of large surface area for water absorption. The concrete workability was reduced with the presence of BSA (0% BSA: > 100 mm, 1% BSA: 19 ± 1.0 mm, 2%: 15 ± 0.0 mm, 3% BSA: 10 ± 0.0 mm). The compressive strength increased with the number of curing days. The concrete microstructures were improved; interfacial transition zones (ITZ) decreased with an increase of BSA. The optimal percentage of BSA obtained was at 1.25%. The established model showed significant model terms (Sum of Squares = 260.60, F value = 69.84) with probability of 0.01% for the F-value to occur due to noise. The established model is useful for application in construction industries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials

Manan

Kamal

Beddu

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…In Malaysia, the coal demand for power generation is expected to rise significantly by years due to the cheap cost and availability of resources compared with other resources [5]. Coal has become the main fuel source in Malaysian power plants to meet growing energy demand from 2005 to 2030 [6]. However, massive amounts of coal were burned in thermal power plants, resulting in large amounts of coal bottom ash [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Validation of Reinforced Concrete Beam Incorporating Coal Fly Ash and Coal Bottom Ash Using Numerical Analysis

Nasrudin,

Ariffin,

Alias

et al. 2023

IJIE

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The environmental deterioration affected by the disposal of Coal Bottom Ash (CBA) from power stations has worsened as the energy demand has increased. In addition, the increased demand for concrete leads to an increase in aggregate consumption, which contributing to the depletion of natural resources. To prevent the immense amount of CBA waste and the destruction of natural resources, an initiative has been implemented to replace aggregate with CBA in concrete. The Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams underwent a four-pointbending test. The test was done after 28 days of curingage. Therefore, this study was conducted to study the performance of RC beam incorporating CBA as fine and coarse aggregate replacement. The deflection, maximum load and cracking pattern of RC beam were determined. Beam with 100% coarse coal bottom ash 100% fine coal bottom ash resulted to the maximum load at 88 kN with maximum deflection at 18.87 mm. The RC beams were redesigned using the three-dimensional nonlinear simulation software ABAQUS in enable to identify and compare the simulation and experimental findings. The FEA result shows that ultimate load of FEA waswithin 5% range with the experimental results. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed finite element model accurately predicted the RC beam’s damage behaviour.

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“…Metals are often purified by vacuum distillation technology [ 2 ], ion exchange technology [ 3 ], extraction technology [ 4 ], electrolytic refining technology [ 5 ], zone refining technology [ 6 ], and other single or combined technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Status of High-Purity Metals Prepared by Zone Refining

et al. 2021

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The zone refining method is a physical method for effectively purifying metals. Increasing yield and reducing impurity content have always been the focus of its research. This article systematically summarizes the relevant research on the production of high-purity metals by zone refining, including mechanisms, parameter optimization, zone refining types, analysis methods, limitations, and future development directions, and it provides relevant theoretical foundations for the production of high-purity metals as well.

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Extraction of Metal Oxides from Coal Bottom Ash by Carbon Reduction and Chemical Leaching

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials

Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials

Experimental Validation of Reinforced Concrete Beam Incorporating Coal Fly Ash and Coal Bottom Ash Using Numerical Analysis

Research Status of High-Purity Metals Prepared by Zone Refining

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