Extraction of essential oil from inflorescences of Dysphania ambrosioides and its activity against Botrytis cinerea

Abstract

Essential oils are natural complex substances biosynthesized by plants, and many of them have antimicrobial properties. Dysphania ambrosioides is a medicinal plant traditionally used as an anthelmintic medicine. In this study, the antifungal activity of D. ambrosioides essential oil was tested against Botrytis cinerea, which is responsible for large economic losses in the post-harvest of roses. Inflorescences of D. ambrosioides yielded 1.3 mg.g -1 of essential oil in fresh material, corresponding to a content of 0.13%. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed 11 compounds in the essential oil with ascaridol and O-cymene corresponding to 80% of the total. The essential oil reduced B. cinerea mycelial growth by approximately 60% and spores germination by 51% at the concentration of 1000 ppm. However, no apparent morphological changes were observed in scanning electron microscopy analyzes. The essential oil was not able to reduce mycelial growth on rose petals and caused a color change in the petals 24 h after the treatment. Although the essential oil has little potential to control B. cinerea on roses due to the color change it causes, its activity on mycelial growth and spores germination could be exploited in other pathosystems.

A Review of Botany, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Effects of Dysphania ambrosioides

“…A study by Juliana et al (2015) displayed that the EO of D. ambrosioides at 1000 ppm inhibited mycelial growth of B. cinerea, a necrotrophic fungus, by 59.8% and its growth rate by 52.3%. The study noted that the germination of spores was also inhibited up to 96 r ' post-treatment with EO with germination reduction of 58.3%, 48.1%, and 48.3% at 48, 72, and 96 hours respectively.…”

Phytochemical Analysis, Antispasmodic, Myorelaxant, and Antioxidant Effect of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin and Clemants Flower Hydroethanolic Extracts and Its Chloroform and Ethyl Acetate Fractions

“…The aerial parts of D. ambrosioides , including the flowers, are traditionally used in Tunisia as a digestive and carminative [ 22 ]. In Brazil, the essential oil extracted from the fresh inflorescence of this plant is used against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea [ 23 ]. In the Dominican Republic, the flowers have been reported to be used to regulate menses [ 24 ].…”

Effects of pesticidal plants on legume pollinators’ attraction in the field and bruchids control in storage

“…The genus Chenopodium comprises about 250 species (Ruas et al, 1999) in which most species are annuals, distributed in the Americas, Asia, and Europe. Dysphania ambrosioides has been used for medicinal purposes mainly for treating intestinal parasites (Salimena et al, 2015). However, its use ranges from pharmaceutical purposes to pest control in agricultural fields (Wohlenberg and Lopes-da-Silva, 2009).…”