Extraction of EELS white-line intensities of manganese compounds: Methods, accuracy, and valence sensitivity

Structural phases driven by oxygen vacancies at the La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/SrTiO3 hetero-interface

“…This is indicative of a lower Mn oxidation state at the interface as compared to bulk LSMO, as the intensity of the L 3 peak increases relative to the L 2 peak when the Mn oxidation state is lowered. 11,20 We note that the FWHM line width of the Mn-L 3 peak is smaller at the interface as compared to the rest of the film, supporting a lower Mn oxidation state at the interface. 20 The Mnoxidation state was estimated as in Varela et al 11 and plotted in Fig.…”

Transmission electron microscopy analysis of some transition metal compounds for energy storage and conversion

“…The L 3 /L 2 integral intensity ratio of the H-MnO 2 was calculated to be 3.2, suggesting that not only Mn 4+ but also Mn 2+ and Mn 3+ should exist in the sample. Besides, the ELNES of O-K edge can be used to analysis the valence state of Mn since the 3d and 4s states of Mn hybridized with O 2p orbitals [140]. As compared with MnO 2 , the relative intensity between the prepeak around 530 eV (labelled as peak a) and the second peak at 5-10 eV above threshold (labelled as peak b) in the H-MnO 2 spectrum is smaller than that in the M A N U S C R I P T…”

Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy

“…Comparisons of four different methods for the extraction of the mean manganese valence from the L 2,3 white line intensities were made by Reidl et al (2006). These methods-Pearson step function (Pearson et al 1993), curve fitting, Walsh-Dray (Stolojan et al 1999) and no subtraction-all differed in their handling of the subtraction of the continuum background and the integration of the white-line peaks.…”