Extraction of Clove and Vetiver Oils with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Modeling and Simulation

Abstract

Abstract:The kinetics of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of clove and vetiver oils using carbon dioxide as solvent was studied, in order to establish an efficient method to predict extraction curves on large scale. The mass transfer model of Sovová was used to adjust the experimental SFE data, which were obtained at 100 bar and 35 °C for clove and 200 bar and 40 °C for vetiver, using extraction columns of different geometry and solvent flow rates. Some other process parameters, such as bed density and porosity, solvent to feed ratio and solvent velocity were kept constant from one experiment to another, in order to verify if the mass transfer coefficients adjusted by the model varied. The results show that the model of Sovová was able to predict an overall extraction curve for clove from data obtained with twenty times less raw material, since the mass transfer coefficients remained the same and the predicted curves were similar to the observed ones. For vetiver, the simulation was not as effective, probably due to the effects of transport properties on the process.

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SUPERCRITICAL AND CONVENTIONAL EXTRACTS OF CLOVE (Eugenia caryophyllus)

“…The HD had the lowest global yield value (3.6 ± 0.6% (w/w)), which indicates that high temperature applied in the extraction and the long time destroyed volatile compounds, decreasing the global yield. Martinez et al (2007) studied supercritical extraction of clove at a pressure of 100 bar and temperature of 35ºC and obtained yield of 13.5% (w/w), a similar result to that obtained in this work.…”

Response surface method applied to supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Vetiveria zizanioides essential oil

“…Several studies have been carried out on the SCE of vetiver essential oil [9,17,23]. However, only fixed operating conditions (200 bar and 40 • C) or variable pressure levels (100-300 bar) at fixed temperature (40 • C) have been employed in these studies.…”

Patterns of Herbaceous Plant Species Richness, Composition and Soil Properties in an Organic Cultivation

“…In addition, some species have shown antimalarial, antiviral, anti-spasmodic, antibacterial, antioxidant and cytostatic properties (Ragone et al, 2007;Bilia et al, 2008;Funes et al, 2009;Regnier and Combrinck, 2010). The volatile oil yield oil yield (Martνnez et al, 2007;Ragone et al, 2007). Fresh or dried leaves are used in the same way as lemongrass as an ingredient in stews and soups (van Wyk, 2005).…”

“…Lemon verbenas' essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the leaves is 0.22-1.00%. The harvesting season, the time of the day, and the particle size present influence on the volatile (Martνnez et al, 2007).…”