Extraction of Aflatoxin from Rat Liver

Butler, W. H.; Clifford, Janet I.

doi:10.1038/2061045a0

Cited by 66 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The histological changes in the livers of rats after poisoning with aflatoxin BI in the present investigation were similar to those described by Butler (1964). By 12hr.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

The action of aflatoxin B1 on the rat liver

Clifford¹,

Rees²

1967

Biochemical Journal

181

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The administration of a single dose of aflatoxin B(1) to the rat (7mg./kg. body wt.) results in the slow development of a periportal necrosis. Hepatic enzymes are released into the serum in the second 24hr. of the poisoning, closely preceding the onset of the necrosis, which is followed by a rise in serum alkaline-phosphatase activity and bilirubin concentration. Aflatoxin B(1) has been detected in the nucleus of the poisoned liver cell and in vitro it has been shown to interact with DNA. The toxin inhibits the production of nuclear RNA, probably by preventing the transcription of DNA by the RNA polymerase. It is proposed that the interaction of the toxin with DNA gives rise to its inhibitory action on mitosis and its necrogenic action.

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“…The histological changes in the livers of rats after poisoning with aflatoxin BI in the present investigation were similar to those described by Butler (1964). By 12hr.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

The action of aflatoxin B1 on the rat liver

Clifford¹,

Rees²

1967

Biochemical Journal

181

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“…The clearance and metabolism of aflatoxin B, in the rat was investigated by Butler & Clifford (1965) and Wogan et al (1967). However, very few studies have been carried out on the tissue distribution of aflatoxins.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐Labelled Aflatoxin B₁ in Mice

Arora

Appelgren

Bergman

1978

Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica

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The distribution of [14C]‐labelled aflatoxin B1 has been studied in mice with the aid of whole‐body autoradiography. In addition to the localisation of labelled aflatoxin B1 and/or its metabolites in the liver, bile, kidney, lung and urine an uptake of 14C in the pigment of the Harderian gland and the eye was observed. Uptake of radioactivity was also found in the eyes of the foetuses although their livers did not accumulate radioactivity.

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“…are more susceptible to the acute oral effects of aflatoxin than are females (LD50 17.9 mg./kg.) (Butler, 1964).Aflatoxin B1 is metabolised to aflatoxin M1 which is present in the blood and urine of dosed rats (Butler and Clifford, 1965) and in the milk of lactating rats, sheep and cows ingesting aflatoxin (de Jongh et al, 1964a;Nabney et al, 1967). Aflatoxin M1 is the hydroxylated derivative of aflatoxin B1 (Holzapfel et al, 1966) and has the same acute toxicity as aflatoxin B1 in ducklings (Purchase, 1967) The presence of aflatoxin M1 in the blood indicates that this compound is a metabolic product of aflatoxin B1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are more susceptible to the acute oral effects of aflatoxin than are females (LD50 17.9 mg./kg.) (Butler, 1964).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The metabolism of aflatoxin B1 in rats.

Purchase¹,

Steyn²

1969

Br J Cancer

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AFLATOXIN B1, a carcinogenic metabolite of the fungus Aspergillus flavus, is acutely toxic to a number of species, including rats. Male rats (LD50 7-2 mg./kg.) are more susceptible to the acute oral effects of aflatoxin than are females (LD50 17.9 mg./kg.) (Butler, 1964).Aflatoxin B1 is metabolised to aflatoxin M1 which is present in the blood and urine of dosed rats (Butler and Clifford, 1965) and in the milk of lactating rats, sheep and cows ingesting aflatoxin (de Jongh et al., 1964a;Nabney et al., 1967). Aflatoxin M1 is the hydroxylated derivative of aflatoxin B1 (Holzapfel et al., 1966) and has the same acute toxicity as aflatoxin B1 in ducklings (Purchase, 1967) The presence of aflatoxin M1 in the blood indicates that this compound is a metabolic product of aflatoxin B1. The difference in the susceptibility of male and female rats to aflatoxin may be a result of a difference in the ability of males and females to metabolise aflatoxin. This report describes certain quantitative aspects of aflatoxin metabolism in rats. METHODS Analytical methodPrevious methods for aflatoxin analysis in tissues have been qualitative (e.g.de Jongh et al., 1964b conttents, livers and kidneys were removed. The stomachs from all 6 rats were pooled and homogenised in water with a blender at 3000 r.p.m. until a smooth homogenate was obtained. The livers and kidneys were homogenised together in a similar way. Aliquots of known weights from the two homogenates were homogenised at 3000 r.p.m. for 1 minute with various solvents (methanol or acetone or an azeotropic mixture of acetone, chloroform and water 38: 58: 4). The homogenates were filtered, the residue rinsed and the filtrate evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure.The quantity of aflatoxin in each extract was determined after chromatography on silica gel (Camag D-5) thin layer chromatoplates with a Photovolt Model 530 densitometer using the method described by Pons et al. (1966). Appropriate solutions of pure aflatoxin M1 and B1 were used as standards.

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Extraction of Aflatoxin from Rat Liver

Cited by 66 publications

References 3 publications

The action of aflatoxin B1 on the rat liver

The action of aflatoxin B1 on the rat liver

Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐Labelled Aflatoxin B₁ in Mice

The metabolism of aflatoxin B1 in rats.

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Extraction of Aflatoxin from Rat Liver

Cited by 66 publications

References 3 publications

The action of aflatoxin B1 on the rat liver

The action of aflatoxin B1 on the rat liver

Distribution of [14C]‐Labelled Aflatoxin B1 in Mice

The metabolism of aflatoxin B1 in rats.

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Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐Labelled Aflatoxin B₁ in Mice