Extraction and preconcentration of tylosin from milk samples through functionalized TiO₂nanoparticles reinforced with a hollow fiber membrane as a novel solid/liquid-phase microextraction technique

Abstract

The aim of this study was to introduce a novel, simple, and highly sensitive preparation method for determination of tylosin in different milk samples. In the so-called functionalized TiO2 hollow fiber solid/liquid-phase microextraction method, the acceptor phase is functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles that are dispersed in the organic solvent and held in the pores and lumen of a porous polypropylene hollow fiber membrane. An effective functionalization of TiO2 nanoparticles has been done in the presence of aqueous H2 O2 and a mild acidic ambient under UV irradiation. This novel extraction method showed excellent extraction efficiency and a high enrichment factor (540.2) in comparison with conventional hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction. All the experiments were monitored at λmax = 284 nm using a simple double beam UV-visible spectrophotometer. A Taguchi orthogonal array experimental design with an OA16 (4(5) ) matrix was employed to optimize the factors affecting the efficiency of hollow fiber solid/liquid-phase microextraction such as pH, stirring rate, salt addition, extraction time, and the volume of donor phase. This developed method was successfully applied for the separation and determination of tylosin in milk samples with a linear concentration range of 0.51-7000 μg/L (r(2) = 0.991) and 0.21 μg/L as the limit of detection.

Hollow Fiber Nano Membrane as Liquid Phase Microextraction for Determination of Enrofloxacin in the Prsence of Florfenicol and Tylosin in Chicken Tissues

“…(10), it could be concluded that the enrichment factor increased with NaCl concentration of 1.0%. Decreasing of the enrichment factor in the higher concentration of sodium chloride is attributed to the electrostatic interaction of salt molecules with polar groups of the analytes (29). Therefore, a NaCl concentration of 1.0% in the donor phase solution was chosen in the present work.…”

Modern Extraction and Cleanup Methods of Veterinary Drug Residues in Food Samples of Animal Origin

“…Promising extraction and pre-concentration techniques for veterinary drug residues that have been explored recently by many researchers include dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) [5,6,35,36], hollow fiber based liquidphase microextraction (HFLPME) [37][38][39][40] and quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) [4, [41][42][43] where the general trend is compliance with green chemistry principles. Veterinary drug residues occur at trace levels as low nanogram per gram [4,37] hence the need to pre-concentrate.…”

“…Sehati et al [40] coupled HFLPME to nanomaterials, where TiO 2 nanomaterials were dispersed in 1-octanol and used it to fill the lumen of a HF. Then, they sealed the two ends of the HF with orthodontic stainless steel wires.…”

Effective extraction of tylosin and spiramycin from fermentation broth using thermo‐responsive ethylene oxide/propylene oxide aqueous two‐phase systems

“…Owing to the similarity in molecular structure and molecular weight, it is difficult to separate these antibiotics using LC. Accordingly, existing technologies for tylosin and SPM from fermentation broth include organic solvent extraction, molecular imprinting, and membrane separation [6]. These conventional methods of antibiotic extraction are environmentally unfriendly, costly, and tedious.…”