Extraction and determination of parabens in water samples using an aqueous two-phase system of ionic liquid and salts with beta-cyclodextrin as the modifier coupled with high performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

In this study, two methods have been applied to the extraction of parabens from aqueous solution these are ionic liquid based aqueous two-phase extraction (IL-ATPS) and ionic liquid based aqueous two-phase extraction in the presence of b-cyclodextrin (b-CD) as the modifier (IL-bCD-ATPS). The IL-bCD-ATPS method consists of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C 4 mim][Cl] and b-CD. It is a new, green and simple extraction technique coupled with reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) that was applied to optimize conditions for the phase separation of parabens in water samples.The IL-bCD-ATPS method shows higher losses for water content compared to the IL-ATPS method resulting in a higher preconcentration factor and a higher distribution coefficient. A lower limit of detection of parabens in water samples was demonstrated by the IL-bCD-ATPS method. To conclude, the IL-bCD-ATPS method is superior to the IL-ATPS method for the determination of parabens in water samples. It is an economically viable approach when using b-CD because it improves the performance of the ATPS method dramatically. In addition, this chemical is cheap and non-toxic to the environment.

Determination of phenol in water samples using cloud point extraction and UV spectrophotometry

“…Sulfate ion will give strong influence on the structure of the water and hydrogen bonding. Thus, comparing the result that is obtained in this research to the previous research [14], it shows that Na 2 SO 4 gives a significant effect to the optimization of salt concentration. Therefore, 1.5 M of Na 2 SO 4 is selected as an optimum concentration of salt.…”

Evaluation of two membrane-based microextraction techniques for the determination of endocrine disruptors in aqueous samples by HPLC with diode array detection

“…Baker (Mallinckrodt, NJ, USA). The chemical structure and p K a of the analytes are shown in Supporting Information Table S1. The stock solutions were used to prepare a working solution containing a mix of the standards, each in a concentration of 100 mg/L in ACN.…”

Miniaturization of aqueous two‐phase extraction for biological applications: From micro‐tubes to microchannels

“…Besides many successful applications of ATPE reported in the literature for the purification of biomolecules from fermentation broths within the downstream processing train, there has also been a considerable interest in using these systems to extract biomolecules from complex solid matrices. This process typically has two purposes: (i) to efficiently extract and perform a primary purification of natural bioproducts of commercial interest and (ii) to perform a sample preparation and pre‐concentration step in‐line with an analytical technique . It is relevant to highlight that such pre‐concentration effects can be very pronounced using the principle of dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction (DLLME) .…”